天眼

Chinese

		day; sky; heaven	eye
simp. and trad. (天眼)		天	眼

Etymology

Calque of Sanskrit दिव्यचक्षुस् (divyacakṣus) or Pali dibbacakkhu.

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): tiānyǎn

(Zhuyin): ㄊㄧㄢㄧㄢˇ
Cantonese (Jyutping): tin¹ ngaan⁵

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: tiānyǎn
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄢㄧㄢˇ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tianyean
  - IPA ^(key): /tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵ i̯ɛn²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)
  - Jyutping: tin¹ ngaan⁵
  - Yale: tīn ngáahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tin¹ ngaan⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: tin¹ ngan⁵
  - IPA ^(key): /tʰiːn⁵⁵ ŋäːn¹³/
  - Homophones:
    ^edit
    ^edit
    天目
    天眼

Noun

天眼

(Buddhism) divine eye

Synonyms

天目 (tiānmù)

Derived terms

天眼通

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (天眼):

→ Japanese: 天 (てん)眼 (げん) (tengen); 天 (てん)眼 (がん) (tengan)
→ Korean: 천안 (天眼, cheonan)

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
天	眼
てん Grade: 1	げん Grade: 5
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 天眼 (MC tʰen ŋˠɛn^X).

Pronunciation

On’yomi: Goon
- (Tokyo) てんげん [tèńgéń] (Heiban – [0])[1]
- IPA^(key): [tẽ̞ŋɡẽ̞ɴ]

Noun

天眼 (hiragana てんげん, rōmaji tengen)

(esoteric Buddhism) heavenly sight by heavenly beings
(esoteric Buddhism) short for 天眼通 (tengentsū): knowledge of others' karma: one of the six kinds of abhijñā or “direct knowledge”

Derived terms

天 (てん)眼 (げん)通 (つう) (tengentsū, “knowledge of others' karma: one of the six kinds of abhijñā or “direct knowledge””)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
天	眼
てん Grade: 1	がん Grade: 5
on’yomi

The literal eye sense and sight sense are likely a coinage within Japanese based on Middle Chinese-derived elements 天 (ten, “heaven, heavenly”, also used in reference to the emperor) + 眼 (gan, “eye”).

The Buddhist sense is likely a sound shift from tengen above,[2] adopting the kan'on reading of gan for the 眼 character.

Pronunciation

On’yomi: Kan’on
- (Tokyo) てんがん [tèńgáń] (Heiban – [0])[1]
- IPA^(key): [tẽ̞ŋɡã̠ɴ]

Noun

天眼 (hiragana てんがん, rōmaji tengan)

the eye of the emperor or imperial prince
(in compounds) sight of something not usually visible to the naked eye
(esoteric Buddhism) see the tengen reading above for additional senses

Derived terms

天 (てん)眼 (がん)鏡 (きょう) (tengankyō, “a magnifying glass; (archaic) a telescope”)
天 (てん)眼 (がん)通 (つう) (tengantsū, “knowledge of others' karma: one of the six kinds of abhijñā or “direct knowledge””)

References

2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

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[DJR-1] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

[KDJ-2] 1988, 国語大辞典（新装版） (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan