冒犯

Chinese

		to cover; to emit; to manifest to cover; to emit; to manifest; to risk; bold; brave	to violate; to offend
simp. and trad. (冒犯)		冒	犯

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): màofàn

(Zhuyin): ㄇㄠˋ ㄈㄢˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): mou⁶ faan⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): mo-fam
Min Nan (POJ): mō͘-hoǎn / mō͘-hoān / bō͘-hoān

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: màofàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄠˋ ㄈㄢˋ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mawfann
  - IPA ^(key): /mɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ fän⁵¹/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: mou⁶ faan⁶
  - Yale: mouh faahn
  - Cantonese Pinyin: mou⁶ faan⁶
  - Guangdong Romanization: mou⁶ fan⁶
  - IPA ^(key): /mou̯²² fäːn²²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mo-fam
  - Hakka Romanization System: mo fam
  - Hagfa Pinyim: mo⁴ fam⁴
  - IPA: /mo⁵⁵ fam⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mō͘-hoǎn
  - Tâi-lô: mōo-huǎn
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /mɔ̃⁴¹⁻²² huan²²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mō͘-hoān
  - Tâi-lô: mōo-huān
  - Phofsit Daibuun: moxhoan
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /mɔ̃²²⁻²¹ huan²²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /mɔ̃³³⁻²¹ huan³³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /mɔ̃³³⁻¹¹ huan³³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bō͘-hoān
  - Tâi-lô: bōo-huān
  - Phofsit Daibuun: boxhoan
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /bɔ³³⁻²¹ huan³³/
  - IPA (Taipei): /bɔ³³⁻¹¹ huan³³/

Verb

冒犯

to offend
冒犯到別人 / 冒犯到别人 ― màofàn dào biérén ― to offend others

我不是故意冒犯你。 [MSC, trad. and simp.]
Wǒ búshì gùyì màofàn nǐ. [Pinyin]
I didn't mean to offend you.

Synonyms

干犯 (gānfàn) (literary)
得罪 (dézuì)
沖犯／冲犯 (chōngfàn)

衝撞／冲撞 (chōngzhuàng)
觸犯／触犯 (chùfàn)
開罪／开罪 (kāizuì) (literary)

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