元気

Japanese

Kanji in this term
げん
Grade: 2

Grade: 1
on’yomi

Etymology

From Middle Chinese compound 元氣 (ngjwon khjɨjH, literally first, fundamental, source + vapor, spirit, energy). In Chinese cosmology, this represented the fundamental force that permeates all matter and life. Early Japanese borrowed this word and meaning. Later, this spelling was conflated with the meaning of homophone 減気 (genki, recovery from illness), adding in the modern senses related to healthy and wellness.

Pronunciation

Adjective

元気 (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 元氣, -na inflection, hiragana げんき, rōmaji genki)

  1. healthy
  2. energetic
  3. in a good mood; peppy; lively
     () (ちょう)今日 (きょう) (げん) ()だね。
    Buchō wa kyō mo genki da ne.
    Our club president looks pretty peppy today, too.
     (いもうと)元気 (げんき)にさせる
    imōto o genki ni saseru
    to cheer up one's little sister

Inflection

Noun

元気 (shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai kanji 元氣, hiragana げんき, rōmaji genki)

  1. the fundamental force that permeates through all matter and life (The addition of quotations indicative of this usage is being sought):
  2. health, healthfulness
     (げん) ()になる
    genki ni naru
    to get well (recover from sickness)
     (げん) ()で!
    O-genki de!
    good luck (to you)!/Take care of yourself./Stay healthy.
     (げん) ()
    Genki?
    How are you?
  3. (personal) energy
     (げん) () ()
    genki o dasu
    to cheer up; to recover one's strength
  4. good spirits; vitality; cheer; liveliness; enthusiasm
     (げん) ()よく (こた)える
    genki yoku kotaeru
    to answer enthusiastically
     (げん) ()いっぱいでかわいい
    genki ippai de kawaii
    cute and full of energy

References

  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, ISBN 4-385-13905-9
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, ISBN 978-4-14-011112-3
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