ὄρος

See also: όρος, ορός, and ὅρος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

οὖρος (oûros) – Epic, Lyric
ὦρος (ôros) – Doric

Etymology

Either from ὄρνυμι (órnumi, “I raise”), or possibly directly from a Proto-Indo-European *h₃eros. Compare Sanskrit ऋष्व (ṛṣvá).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ó.ros/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈo.ros/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈo.ros/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈo.ros/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈo.ros/

Noun

ὄρος • (óros) n (genitive ὄρεος or ὄρους); third declension

a mountain, hill
mountain chain
district, sector, precinct, parish

Inflection

Third declension of τὸ ὄρος; τοῦ ὄρους (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ ὄρος tò óros	τὼ ὄρει tṑ órei	τᾰ̀ ὄρη tà órē
Genitive	τοῦ ὄρους toû órous	τοῖν ὀροῖν toîn oroîn	τῶν ὀρῶν tôn orôn
Dative	τῷ ὄρει tôi órei	τοῖν ὀροῖν toîn oroîn	τοῖς ὄρεσῐ / ὄρεσῐν toîs óresi(n)
Accusative	τὸ ὄρος tò óros	τὼ ὄρει tṑ órei	τᾰ̀ ὄρη tà órē
Vocative	ὄρος óros	ὄρει órei	ὄρη órē
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of τὸ ὄρος; τοῦ ὄρεος (Ionic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ ὄρος tò óros	τὼ ὄρει / ὄρεε tṑ órei / óree	τᾰ̀ ὄρεᾰ tà órea
Genitive	τοῦ ὄρεος / ὄρευς toû óreos / óreus	τοῖν ὀρέοιν toîn oréoin	τῶν ὀρέων tôn oréōn
Dative	τῷ ὄρει / ὄρεῐ̈ tôi órei / óreï	τοῖν ὀρέοιν toîn oréoin	τοῖσῐ / τοῖσῐν ὄρεσῐ / ὄρεσῐν toîsi(n) óresi(n)
Accusative	τὸ ὄρος tò óros	τὼ ὄρει / ὄρεε tṑ órei / óree	τᾰ̀ ὄρεᾰ tà órea
Vocative	ὄρος óros	ὄρει / ὄρεε órei / óree	ὄρεᾰ órea
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Third declension of ὄρος; ὄρεος (Epic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὄρος óros	ὄρει / ὄρεε órei / óree	ὄρεᾰ órea
Genitive	ὄρεος óreos	ὀρέοιν oréoin	ὀρέων oréōn
Dative	ὄρει / ὄρεῐ̈ órei / óreï	ὀρέοιν oréoin	ὄρεσῐ / ὄρεσῐν óresi(n)
Accusative	ὄρος óros	ὄρει / ὄρεε órei / óree	ὄρεᾰ órea
Vocative	ὄρος óros	ὄρει / ὄρεε órei / óree	ὄρεᾰ órea
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Descendants

English: oro-
Greek: όρος m (óros, “mountain”)

References

ὄρος in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
ὄρος in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
ὄρος in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
ὄρος in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
ὄρος in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
G3735 in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979
ὄρος in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- hill idem, page 400.
- mountain idem, page 543.
- range idem, page 670.
Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume I, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 326
Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill

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