ἴσχω

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *si-sǵʰ-, reduplicated zero-grade present of *seǵʰ-, from which also ἔχω (ékhō, “have”).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ís.kʰɔː/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈis.kʰo/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈis.xo/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈis.xo/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈis.xo/

Verb

ῐ̓́σχω • (ískhō)

(Epic) hold back, restrain
(reflexive, middle in Epic, active in later Greek) stay, stop
hold fast; keep, maintain
(later Greek) have

Inflection

Present: ῐ̓́σχω, ῐ̓́σχομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ῐ̓́σχω	ῐ̓́σχεις	ῐ̓́σχει	ῐ̓́σχετον	ῐ̓́σχετον	ῐ̓́σχομεν	ῐ̓́σχετε	ῐ̓́σχουσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	ῐ̓́σχω	ῐ̓́σχῃς	ῐ̓́σχῃ	ῐ̓́σχητον	ῐ̓́σχητον	ῐ̓́σχωμεν	ῐ̓́σχητε	ῐ̓́σχωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ῐ̓́σχοιμῐ	ῐ̓́σχοις	ῐ̓́σχοι	ῐ̓́σχοιτον	ῐ̓σχοίτην	ῐ̓́σχοιμεν	ῐ̓́σχοιτε	ῐ̓́σχοιεν
	imperative		ῐ̓́σχε	ῐ̓σχέτω	ῐ̓́σχετον	ῐ̓σχέτων		ῐ̓́σχετε	ῐ̓σχόντων
middle/ passive	indicative	ῐ̓́σχομαι	ῐ̓́σχῃ, ῐ̓́σχει	ῐ̓́σχεται	ῐ̓́σχεσθον	ῐ̓́σχεσθον	ῐ̓σχόμεθᾰ	ῐ̓́σχεσθε	ῐ̓́σχονται
	subjunctive	ῐ̓́σχωμαι	ῐ̓́σχῃ	ῐ̓́σχηται	ῐ̓́σχησθον	ῐ̓́σχησθον	ῐ̓σχώμεθᾰ	ῐ̓́σχησθε	ῐ̓́σχωνται
	optative	ῐ̓σχοίμην	ῐ̓́σχοιο	ῐ̓́σχοιτο	ῐ̓́σχοισθον	ῐ̓σχοίσθην	ῐ̓σχοίμεθᾰ	ῐ̓́σχοισθε	ῐ̓́σχοιντο
	imperative		ῐ̓́σχου	ῐ̓σχέσθω	ῐ̓́σχεσθον	ῐ̓σχέσθων		ῐ̓́σχεσθε	ῐ̓σχέσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		ῐ̓́σχειν				ῐ̓́σχεσθαι
participle	m	ῐ̓́σχων				ῐ̓σχόμενος
	f	ῐ̓́σχουσᾰ				ῐ̓σχομένη
	n	ῐ̓́σχον				ῐ̓σχόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Imperfect: ῐ̓́σχον, ῐ̓σχόμην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ῐ̓́σχον	ῐ̓́σχες	ῐ̓́σχε(ν)	ῐ̓́σχετον	ῐ̓σχέτην	ῐ̓́σχομεν	ῐ̓́σχετε	ῐ̓́σχον
middle/ passive	indicative	ῐ̓σχόμην	ῐ̓́σχου	ῐ̓́σχετο	ῐ̓́σχεσθον	ῐ̓σχέσθην	ῐ̓σχόμεθᾰ	ῐ̓́σχεσθε	ῐ̓́σχοντο
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

References

ἴσχω in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
ἴσχω in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
ἴσχω in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
ἴσχω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
ἴσχω in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter

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