ἐσχάρα

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Beekes points out the absence of cognates in other Indo-European languages and considers the word to be of Pre-Greek origin.

According to Gamkrelidze / Ivanov, a Kartvelian borrowing. Compare Proto-Kartvelian *c₁x- (“burn, give off heat”), whence Georgian სიცხე (sicxe), ცეცხლი (cecxli) (< *ʒec₁xl-), Mingrelian ჩხე (čxe), Laz ჩხე (čxe) and Svan root შხ- (šx-, “burn, set fire”). The initial ἐ- (e-) of the Greek form is a prothetic vowel.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /es.kʰá.raː/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ɛsˈkʰa.ra/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /esˈxa.ra/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /esˈxa.ra/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /esˈxa.ra/

Noun

ἐσχάρᾱ • (eskhárā) f (genitive ἐσχάρᾱς); first declension

Inflection

First declension of ἡ ἐσχάρᾱ; τῆς ἐσχάρᾱς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ ἐσχάρᾱ hē eskhárā	τὼ ἐσχάρᾱ tṑ eskhárā	αἱ ἐσχάραι hai eskhárai
Genitive	τῆς ἐσχάρᾱς tês eskhárās	τοῖν ἐσχάραιν toîn eskhárain	τῶν ἐσχαρῶν tôn eskharôn
Dative	τῇ ἐσχάρᾳ têi eskhárāi	τοῖν ἐσχάραιν toîn eskhárain	ταῖς ἐσχάραις taîs eskhárais
Accusative	τὴν ἐσχάρᾱν tḕn eskhárān	τὼ ἐσχάρᾱ tṑ eskhárā	τᾱ̀ς ἐσχάρᾱς tā̀s eskhárās
Vocative	ἐσχάρᾱ eskhárā	ἐσχάρᾱ eskhárā	ἐσχάραι eskhárai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

ἐσχάριον (eskhárion)

Descendants

French: eschare
Latin: eschara

References

Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 472
Gamkrelidze, Th. V.; Ivanov, V. V. (1995) Indo-European and the Indo-Europeans. A Reconstruction and Historical Analysis of a Proto-Language and Proto-Culture. Part I: The Text (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 80), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 800

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