ไหม

See also: ไหม้

Thai

Etymology 1

From Proto-Southwestern Tai *ʰmajᴬ (“thread”), from Proto-Tai *ʰmajᴬ (“thread”), from Old Chinese 徽 (OC *hmɯl, “fine; glorious”).[1] Cognate with Lao ໄໝ (mai), Tai Dam ꪼꪢ, Lü ᦺᦖ (ṁay), Shan မႆ (mǎy).

Pronunciation
Orthographicไหม
ai h m
Phonemicไหฺม
ai h ̥ m
RomanizationPaiboonmǎi
Royal Institutemai
(standard) IPA(key)/maj˩˩˦/

Noun

ไหม • (mǎi)

  1. silkworm.
  2. thread.
  3. silk.

Etymology 2

Pronunciation
Orthographicไหม
ai h m
Phonemicไหฺม
ai h ̥ m
RomanizationPaiboonmǎi
Royal Institutemai
(standard) IPA(key)/maj˩˩˦/

Noun

ไหม • (mǎi)

  1. (law) fine: monetary penalty.

Verb

ไหม • (mǎi)

  1. (law) to fine: to impose a monetary penalty.

Etymology 3

From contraction of หรือ (rʉ̌ʉ, “or”) +‎ ไม่ (mâi, “not”). Compare Southern Thai ม่าย.

Alternative forms
Alternative forms

Pronunciation
Orthographicไหม
ai h m
Phonemicไหฺม
ai h ̥ m		ไม้
ai m ˆ
RomanizationPaiboonmǎimái
Royal Institutemaimai
(standard) IPA(key)/maj˩˩˦//maj˦˥/

Particle

ไหม • (mǎi)

  1. or not?

References
  1. Pittayaporn, Pittayawat (2014), “Layers of Chinese Loanwords in Proto-Southwestern Tai as Evidence for the Dating of the Spread of Southwestern Tai”, in MANUSYA: Journal of Humanities, volume 20 (special issue), Bangkok: Chulalongkorn University, ISSN 0859-9920, pages 47–68.
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