नगर

See also: नांगर

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit नगर (nágara). Doublet of -नेर (-ner).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /nə.ɡəɾ/

Noun

नगर • (nagar) m (Urdu spelling نگر‎)

city, town
तुम किस नगर से आए हो? ― tum kis nagar se āe ho? ― What city do you come from?

Synonym: शहर (śahar)

Declension

Declension of नगर
	Singular	Plural
Direct	नगर (nagar)	नगर (nagar)
Oblique	नगर (nagar)	नगरों (nagrõ)
Vocative	नगर (nagar)	नगरो (nagro)

Marathi

Etymology

From Sanskrit नगर (nágara).

Noun

नगर • (nagar) n

city, town

References

James Thomas Molesworth (1857), “नगर”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press

Nepali

Noun

नगर • (nagar)

city, town

Verb

नगर • (nagara)

second-person imperative of गर्नु (garnu)

Newari

Noun

नगर (nagara)

city, town

Old Gujarati

Etymology

From Sanskrit नगर (nagara)

Noun

नगर (transliteration needed) n

city

Sanskrit

Etymology

Likely borrowed from Dravidian, compare Tamil [script needed] (nakar, “house, palace, temple, city”), Telugu [script needed] (nagaru, “palace”).

Alternative scripts

ᬦᬕᬭ (Balinese script)
নগৰ (Assamese script)
নগর (Bengali script)
𑰡𑰐𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀦𑀕𑀭 (Brahmi script)
𑌨𑌗𑌰 (Grantha script)
નગર (Gujarati script)
ꦤꦒꦫ (Javanese script)
ನಗರ (Kannada script)
နဂရ (Burmese script)
ନଗର (Oriya script)
ꢥꢔꢬ (Saurashtra script)
𑆤𑆓𑆫 (Sharada script)
𑖡𑖐𑖨 (Siddham script)
నగర (Telugu script)
ནགར (Tibetan script)
𑒢𑒑𑒩 (Tirhuta script)

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /n̪ɐ́.ɡɐ.ɽɐ/
(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈn̪ɐ.ɡɐ.ɽɐ/

Noun

नगर • (nágara) n

town, city
- c. 1000, Rāmāyaṇa 2.43.4:
  अथ स्म नगरे रामः चरन् भैक्षम् गृहे वसेत् ।
  काम कारः वरम् दातुम् अपि दासम् मम आत्मजम् ॥
  atha sma nagare rāmaḥ caran bhaikṣam gṛhe vaset .
  kāma kāraḥ varam dātum api dāsam mama ātmajam .
  2002 translation by K. M. K. Murthy
  Even giving my son to her as a slave would have been better. By that Rama would have at least stayed in the house by doing the work entrusted by her and roaming about in the city, asking alms.

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of नगर (nágara)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	नगरम् nágaram	नगरे nágare	नगराणि / नगरा¹ nágarāṇi / nágarā¹
Vocative	नगर nágara	नगरे nágare	नगराणि / नगरा¹ nágarāṇi / nágarā¹
Accusative	नगरम् nágaram	नगरे nágare	नगराणि / नगरा¹ nágarāṇi / nágarā¹
Instrumental	नगरेण nágareṇa	नगराभ्याम् nágarābhyām	नगरैः / नगरेभिः¹ nágaraiḥ / nágarebhiḥ¹
Dative	नगराय nágarāya	नगराभ्याम् nágarābhyām	नगरेभ्यः nágarebhyaḥ
Ablative	नगरात् nágarāt	नगराभ्याम् nágarābhyām	नगरेभ्यः nágarebhyaḥ
Genitive	नगरस्य nágarasya	नगरयोः nágarayoḥ	नगराणाम् nágarāṇām
Locative	नगरे nágare	नगरयोः nágarayoḥ	नगरेषु nágareṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Adjective

नगर • (nágara)

urban

Descendants

Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀡𑀬𑀭 (ṇayara)
- Old Gujarati: नयर
  - Gujarati: નેર (ner)
- Hindi: नेर (ner)
→ Assamese: নগৰ (nôgôr)
→ Bengali: নগর (nôgôr)
→ Burmese: နဂိုရ် (na.guir); နဂရ (na.ga.ra.)
→ Gujarati: નગર (nagar)
→ Hindi: नगर (nagar)
→ Khmer: នគរ (nɔkɔɔ)
→ Kannada: ನಗರ (nagara)
→ Lao: ນະຄອນ (na khǭn)
→ Malay: negara
- Indonesian: negara
  - → English: negara
→ Marathi: नगर (nagar)
→ Middle Khmer: [Term?] (“ʼaṅgara”)
- Khmer: អង្គរ (ʾɑngkɔɔ)
Pali: nagara
→ Sinhalese: නගරය (nagaraya)
→ Tamil: நகரம் (nakaram)
→ Telugu: నగరము (nagaramu)
→ Thai: นคร (ná-kɔɔn)
→ Urdu: نگر‎ (nagar)

References

Monier Williams (1899), “नगर”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, page 525.
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992–2001), “nágara-”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan] (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 5

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