क्या

Hindi

Etymology

From Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀓𑀺𑀁 (kiṃ), 𑀓𑀺 (ki), from Sanskrit किम् (kim, “what, which”). Compare Punjabi ਕੀ (kī), Gujarati કિયું (kiyũ), Marathi की (kī), Bengali কি (ki), Assamese কি (ki).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /kjɑː/

Particle

क्या • (kyā) (Urdu spelling کیا‎)

  1. initial interrogative particle
    क्या आपको कुछ पिएंगे? ― kyā āpko kuch pieṅge? ― Would you like anything to drink?

Usage notes

In this usage, it does not have a direct translation as a word in English, it simply makes a statement into a question.

Example:
क्या आप यहाँ रहते हैं?
kyā āp yahā̃ rahte haĩ?
Do you live here?" or "[Question marker] Do you here live (is)?" in literal order.

Pronoun

क्या • (kyā) m or f (Urdu spelling کیا‎)

  1. (interrogative) what?
    आम का दाम क्या है?
    ām kā dām kyā hai?
    What is the price of mangos?
    क्या हुआ? ― kyā huā? ― What happened?
  2. (rhetorical) such, what, how
    क्या गाता है यह! ― kyā gātā hai yah! ― Such [finely] he sings!
    क्या जाने ― kyā jāne ― who knows

Declension
Declension of क्या
dir. sg. क्या (kyā)
dir. pl. क्या (kyā)
singular plural
direct क्या (kyā) क्या (kyā)
indirect किस (kis) किन (kin)
ergative किसने (kisne) - (-)
genitive किसका (kiskā) किनका (kinkā)
dative किसे (kise), किसको (kisko) किनको (kinko)

References
  • McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993), “क्या”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
  • Platts, John T. (1884), “क्या”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & co.
  • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985), “kím (3164)”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
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