گبر

See also: كثر, كبر, ك ب ر, and ك ث ر

Persian

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *webʰ- (weave).

Alternative forms

  • گپر (gapr)

Noun

گبر (gabr)

  1. hauberk

Etymology 2

From Aramaic 𐡂𐡁𐡓𐡀 (gaḇrā [gbrʾ], man; person), reflected in the Middle Persian logogram (huzvarishn) GBRA (mard, man). The Persian word was probably used in pre-Islamic Persia to refer to some Zoroastrians in Mesopotamia (inhabited by many Aramaeans).

Traditionally has been derived from Arabic كَافِر (kāfir, unbeliever), but that is problematic on phonetic and semantic grounds.

See Shaki in Encyclopædia Iranica for more.

Alternative forms

Noun

گبر (gabr)

  1. (archaic, later pejorative) Zoroastrian
  2. (archaic) kafir, infidel
    • Attributed to both Abū-Sa'īd Abul-Khayr (967–1049) and Rumi (1207–1273)
      باز آ باز آ هر آنچه هستی باز آ
      گر کافر و گبر و بت‌پرستی باز آ
      این درگه ما درگه نومیدی نیست
      صد بار اگر توبه شکستی باز آ
      Bāz-ā! Bāz-ā! Har ānče hastī bāz-ā!
      Gar kāfir u gabr u but-parastī bāz-ā!
      Īn dargah-i mā dargah-i nōmēdī nēst
      Sad bār agar tawba šikastī, bāz-ā!
      Literal translation:
      Return, return! Whatever thou art, return!
      Whether kafir, infidel, or idolater, return!
      This threshold of ours is not a threshold of despair.
      [Even] if you've broken your repentance a thousand times, return!

Derived terms

  • گبری (gabri)
  • گبرک (gabrak)
  • گبرکی (gabraki)

Descendants

  • → French: guèbre
    • → English: gueber, guebre
  • → German: Geber

(via the by-form گاور (gâvor))

  • → Azeri: gavur
  • → Ottoman Turkish: كاور (gâvur)

References

See also

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