كافر

See also: کافر‎

Arabic

Etymology

Active participle of the verb كَفَرَ‎ (kafara, “to disbelieve; to cover; to conceal”) from the root ك ف ر‎ (k-f-r).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /kaː.fir/

Noun

كَافِر • (kāfir) (masculine plural كُفَّار‎ (kuffār) or كافِرُون‎ (kāfirūn) or كَفَرة‎ (kafara))

  1. active participle of كَفَرَ‎ (kafara)
  2. (obsolete) farmer
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 57:20:
      ‏كَمَثَلِ غَيْثٍ أَعْجَبَ الْكُفَّارَ نَبَاتُهُ ثُمَّ يَهِيجُ فَتَرَاهُ مُصْفَرًّا ثُمَّ يَكُونُ حُطَامًا‎
      kamaṯali ḡayṯin ʾaʿjaba l-kuffāra nabātuhu ṯumma yahīju fatarāhu muṣfarran ṯumma yakūnu ḥuṭāman
      Like the example of a rain whose [resulting] plant growth pleases the farmers; then it dries and you see it turned yellow; then it becomes [scattered] debris
  3. infidel; unbeliever

Declension
Declension of adjective كَافِر (kāfir)
Singular Masculine Feminine
basic singular triptote singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Informal كَافِر
kāfir		 الْكَافِر‎
al-kāfir		 كَافِرَة‎
kāfira		 الْكَافِرَة‎
al-kāfira
Nominative كَافِرٌ
kāfirun		 الْكَافِرُ‎
al-kāfiru		 كَافِرَةٌ‎
kāfiratun		 الْكَافِرَةُ‎
al-kāfiratu
Accusative كَافِرًا‎
kāfiran		 الْكَافِرَ‎
al-kāfira		 كَافِرَةً‎
kāfiratan		 الْكَافِرَةَ‎
al-kāfirata
Genitive كَافِرٍ
kāfirin		 الْكَافِرِ‎
al-kāfiri		 كَافِرَةٍ‎
kāfiratin		 الْكَافِرَةِ‎
al-kāfirati
Dual Masculine Feminine
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Informal كَافِرَيْن‎
kāfirayn		 الْكَافِرَيْن‎
al-kāfirayn		 كَافِرَتَيْن‎
kāfiratayn		 الْكَافِرَتَيْن‎
al-kāfiratayn
Nominative كَافِرَانِ‎
kāfirāni		 الْكَافِرَانِ‎
al-kāfirāni		 كَافِرَتَانِ‎
kāfiratāni		 الْكَافِرَتَانِ‎
al-kāfiratāni
Accusative كَافِرَيْنِ‎
kāfirayni		 الْكَافِرَيْنِ‎
al-kāfirayni		 كَافِرَتَيْنِ‎
kāfiratayni		 الْكَافِرَتَيْنِ‎
al-kāfiratayni
Genitive كَافِرَيْنِ‎
kāfirayni		 الْكَافِرَيْنِ‎
al-kāfirayni		 كَافِرَتَيْنِ‎
kāfiratayni		 الْكَافِرَتَيْنِ‎
al-kāfiratayni
Plural Masculine Feminine
basic broken plural triptote‎; sound masculine plural‎; broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a) sound feminine plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Informal كُفَّار‎‎; كَافِرِين‎‎; كَفَرَة‎
kuffār‎; kāfirīn‎; kafara		 الْكُفَّار‎‎; الْكَافِرِين‎‎; الْكَفَرَة‎
al-kuffār‎; al-kāfirīn‎; al-kafara		 كَافِرَات‎
kāfirāt		 الْكَافِرَات‎
al-kāfirāt
Nominative كُفَّارٌ‎‎; كَافِرُونَ‎‎; كَفَرَةٌ‎
kuffārun‎; kāfirūna‎; kafaratun		 الْكُفَّارُ‎‎; الْكَافِرُونَ‎‎; الْكَفَرَةُ‎
al-kuffāru‎; al-kāfirūna‎; al-kafaratu		 كَافِرَاتٌ‎
kāfirātun		 الْكَافِرَاتُ‎
al-kāfirātu
Accusative كُفَّارًا‎‎; كَافِرِينَ‎‎; كَفَرَةً‎
kuffāran‎; kāfirīna‎; kafaratan		 الْكُفَّارَ‎‎; الْكَافِرِينَ‎‎; الْكَفَرَةَ‎
al-kuffāra‎; al-kāfirīna‎; al-kafarata		 كَافِرَاتٍ‎
kāfirātin		 الْكَافِرَاتِ‎
al-kāfirāti
Genitive كُفَّارٍ‎‎; كَافِرِينَ‎‎; كَفَرَةٍ‎
kuffārin‎; kāfirīna‎; kafaratin		 الْكُفَّارِ‎‎; الْكَافِرِينَ‎‎; الْكَفَرَةِ‎
al-kuffāri‎; al-kāfirīna‎; al-kafarati		 كَافِرَاتٍ‎
kāfirātin		 الْكَافِرَاتِ‎
al-kāfirāti

Descendants
  • → Afrikaans: kaffer
  • → Azerbaijani: kafir
  • → Bashkir: кафыр (kafïr, “infidel”)
  • → Bengali: কাফির (kaphir)
  • → Catalan: cafre
  • → Central Kurdish: کافر‎ (kafr)
  • → Dongxiang: kafeir
  • → Dutch: kaffer
    • → English: kaffir (or from another European language)
  • → English: kafir
  • → Finnish: kafiiri, kafferi
  • → French: kâfir, cafard, cafre
  • → German: Kafir
  • → Greek: κάφρος (káfros)
  • → Italian: cafro
  • → Japanese: カーフィル (kāfiru)
  • → Kazakh: кәпір (käpir)
  • → Korean: 카피르 (kapireu)
  • → Kyrgyz: каапыр (kaapır)
  • → Macedonian: ќафир (ḱafir)
  • → Malay: kafir
  • → Mandarin: 卡菲勒 (kǎfēilè), 卡菲爾 (kǎfēi'r)
  • → Nogai: каьпир (käpir)
  • → Northern Kurdish: kafir
  • → Pashto: کافر‎ (kāfér)
  • → Persian: کافر‎ (kâfer)
    • → Hindustani:
    Hindi: काफ़िर (kāfir)
    Urdu: کافر‎‎ (kāfir)
  • → Norwegian: kaffer
  • → Ottoman Turkish: كافر‎ (kafir)
  • → Portuguese: cafre
  • → Russian: кафи́р (kafír), ка́фир (káfir), кяфи́р (kjafír), кя́фир (kjáfir)
  • → Serbo-Croatian:
    Cyrillic: кафир
    Latin: kafir
  • → Spanish: cafre
  • → Swedish: kaffer
  • → Tajik: кофир (kofir)
  • → Tatar: көфер (köfer)
  • → Turkmen: kapyr
  • → Uyghur: كاپىر‎ (kapir)
  • → Uzbek: kofir

References
  • Wehr, Hans (1979), “كفر”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN
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