شمندر

• شَوَنْدَر‎ (šawandar)

Disputed etymology:

• Stemming from its shape, derived from Turkish şamandıra (“buoy”), from Ancient Greek σημαντήρ (sēmantḗr, “buoy; signal or marker”).
• Alternatively, ultimately from Sumerian 𒌑𒁁𒁯 (šumundar, “beetroot, red-plant”), with an uncertain etymological chain, as the Akkadian 𒌑𒁁𒁯 was likely read šumuttu.

See Classical Syriac ܨܩܢܕܪ‎ (ṣqndr), ܣܡܰܛܪܳܝܳܐ‎ (səmaṭrāyā), Northern Kurdish çewender, Central Kurdish چەوەندەر‎ (çewender) with possible connections to Persian چغندر‎ (čoğondar) and the dialect variant Persian چندر‎ (čondor), or even Sanskrit चन्द्र (candra, “red pearl”).

شَمَنْدَر • (šamandar) m

1. beet (Beta vulgaris)

   Synonym: بَنْجَر‎‎‎ (banjar)

   Hyponym: سِلْق‎ (silq)

• “ṣqndr”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• “smṭry”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• The Pennsylvania Sumerian Dictionary‎, University of Pennsylvania, 2006
• “شمندر”, in The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago (CAD), volume 17, Š, part 3, Chicago: University of Chicago Oriental Institute, 1992, page 301
• Lane, Edward William (1863), “شمندر”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 1410
• Löw, Immanuel (1928) Die Flora der Juden‎ (in German), volume 1, Wien und Leipzig: R. Löwit, page 346–352