خدا
Persian
Alternative forms
- خدای (xodây) (archaic)
Etymology
From earlier خدای (xodây), from Middle Persian hwtʾy (xwadāy, “lord”) (Manichaean Middle Persian 𐫑𐫇𐫅𐫀𐫏 (xwadāy)), with both religious and secular connotations. Rendered in Book Pahlavi as the ideogram MNA (Aramaic 𐡌𐡍𐡀 (mona), also meaning "lord"), this word is in turn borrowed from Aramaic 𐡇𐡃𐡉𐡀 (xdaya) & Classical Syriac ܚܕܝܐ (xadaya, “first/one”) (meaning "the one that is alone") or Avestan 𐬓𐬀𐬜𐬀𐬙𐬀 (xᵛaδata, “self-determined”) (in the sense of "not dependent on anything/anyone"). The related Sanskrit term is स्वधा (svádhā), with the same meaning. Cognate with Bactrian χοαδηο (xoadēo, “lord”) and Kurdish خوا (xwâ).
Pronunciation
- (Iranian Persian) IPA(key): [xoˈd̪ɒː]
Noun
| Dari Persian | خدا |
|---|---|
| Iranian Persian | خدا |
| Tajiki Persian | Худо, худо (Xudo, xudo) |
خدا • (xodâ) (plural خدایان (xodâyân))
Inflection
predicative forms of خدا
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person (I am/we are) | خدایم (xodâyam) خدام (xodâm) (colloquial) |
خداییم (xodâyim) |
| 2nd person (you are) | خدایی (xodâyi) | خدایید (xodâyid) خدایین (xodâyin) (colloquial) |
| 3rd person (he, she, it is/they are) | خداست (xodâst) خداس، خدائه (xodâs, xodâe) (colloquial) |
خدایند (xodâyand) خدان (xodân) (colloquial) |
Related terms
Descendants
References
- MacKenzie, D. N. (1971), “xwadāy”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 95
Urdu
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [xʊd̪aː]
Noun
خدا • (xudā) m (Hindi spelling ख़ुदा)
Derived terms
- خدا حافظ (xudā hāfiz)
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