تابوت

Arabic

FWOTD – 18 November 2013

Alternative forms

تَابُوه‎ (tābūh) (extinct Anṣār dialect)

Etymology

تَاوْبُوت‎ (tāwbūt) (extinct Quraysh dialect), from تَوَبُوت‎ (tawabūt) or تَاوْبُوَّة‎ (tāwbuwwa).

From Classical Syriac ܬܝܒܘܬܐ‎ (tēḇūṯā) or Ge'ez ታቦት (tabot). Cognate with Hebrew תיבה‎ (tevá).

Ultimately from a merger of Egyptian

(ḏbꜣt, “sarcophagus, coffin”) and

(dbt, “chest, box”); compare Demotic tbyt (“sarcophagus, shrine, chest”), dbt, and tbt (“chest”) and Coptic ⲧⲁⲓⲃⲉ (taibe, “chest, coffin”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /taː.buːt/

Noun

تَابُوت • (tābūt) m (plural تَوَابِيت‎ (tawābīt))

box, case, chest, coffer, ark
- Qur'an 20:39 (Sahih International):
  ‏أَنِ اقْذِفِيهِ فِي التَّابُوتِ فَاقْذِفِيهِ فِي الْيَمِّ فَلْيُلْقِهِ الْيَمُّ بِالسَّاحِلِ‎
  áni iqḏifīhi fil-tābūti fa-qḏifīhi fī l-yámmi fal-yulqihi l-yámmu bil-sāḥili
  Cast him into the chest and cast it into the river, and the river will throw it onto the bank.
coffin, casket, sarcophagus
‏مَاذَا وَرَاء حِكَايَة اِكْتِشَاف تَابُوت اَلْمَسِيح فِي الْقُدْس؟‎‎
māḏā warāʾ ḥikāyat iktišāf tābūt al-masīḥ fī l-quds?
What's behind the story of the discovery of the coffin of Christ in Jerusalem?

Declension

Declension of noun تَابُوت (tābūt)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	تَابُوت tābūt	التَّابُوت‎ at-tābūt	تَابُوت tābūt
Nominative	تَابُوتٌ tābūtun	التَّابُوتُ‎ at-tābūtu	تَابُوتُ tābūtu
Accusative	تَابُوتًا‎ tābūtan	التَّابُوتَ‎ at-tābūta	تَابُوتَ tābūta
Genitive	تَابُوتٍ tābūtin	التَّابُوتِ‎ at-tābūti	تَابُوتِ tābūti
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	تَابُوتَيْن‎ tābūtayn	التَّابُوتَيْن‎ at-tābūtayn	تَابُوتَيْ‎ tābūtay
Nominative	تَابُوتَانِ‎ tābūtāni	التَّابُوتَانِ‎ at-tābūtāni	تَابُوتَا‎ tābūtā
Accusative	تَابُوتَيْنِ‎ tābūtayni	التَّابُوتَيْنِ‎ at-tābūtayni	تَابُوتَيْ‎ tābūtay
Genitive	تَابُوتَيْنِ‎ tābūtayni	التَّابُوتَيْنِ‎ at-tābūtayni	تَابُوتَيْ‎ tābūtay
Plural	basic broken plural diptote
Plural	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	تَوَابِيت‎ tawābīt	التَّوَابِيت‎ at-tawābīt	تَوَابِيت‎ tawābīt
Nominative	تَوَابِيتُ‎ tawābītu	التَّوَابِيتُ‎ at-tawābītu	تَوَابِيتُ‎ tawābītu
Accusative	تَوَابِيتَ‎ tawābīta	التَّوَابِيتَ‎ at-tawābīta	تَوَابِيتَ‎ tawābīta
Genitive	تَوَابِيتَ‎ tawābīta	التَّوَابِيتِ‎ at-tawābīti	تَوَابِيتِ‎ tawābīti

Synonyms

نَعْش‎ (naʿš)
عُلْبَة‎ (ʿulba)
صُنْدُوق‎ (ṣundūq)

Derived terms

تَابُوت اَلْعَهْد‎ (tābūt al-ʿahd, “Ark of the Covenant”)
تَابُوت رَفْع اَلْمِيَاه‎ (tābūt rafʿ al-miyāh, “Archimedean screw”)

Descendants

- → Spanish: ataúd
  - → Catalan: taüt
  - → Occitan: ataüt (Provencal), ataüc
- → Portuguese: ataúde
Maltese: tebut
→ Azerbaijani: tabut / تابوت‎
→ Bashkir: табут (tabut)
→ Kurdish:
- Central Kurdish: تابوت‎ (tabût)
- Northern Kurdish: tabût
→ Old Armenian: թափուտ (tʿapʿut)
→ Middle Armenian: թաբուտ (tʿabut), թապութ (tʿaputʿ), թաւութ (tʿawutʿ)
→ Persian: تابوت‎ (tâbut)
- Tajik: тобут (tobut)
  - → Uzbek: tobut
- → Ottoman Turkish: تابوت‎ (tâbût)
  - Turkish: tabut
  - → Albanian: tabut
  - → Serbo-Croatian: та̀бут, tàbut
- → Hindustani:
  - Hindi: ताबूत (tābūt)
  - Urdu: تابوت‎ (tābūt)
→ Sicilian: tabbutu
- → Neapolitan: tauto

References

Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1973), “թափուտ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Dictionary of Armenian Root Words] (in Armenian), volume II, 2nd edition, reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 166b
Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 153
Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, page 88–89
Lane, Edward William (1863), “تابوت”, in Arabic-English Lexicon, London: Williams & Norgate, page 321
Leslau, Wolf (1991) Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 570
Nöldeke, Theodor (1910) Neue Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft‎ (in German), Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner, page 49
Wehr, Hans (1979), “تابوت”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN

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