ցանկ

Armenian

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Old Armenian ցանկ (cʿank)

Pronunciation

Noun

ցանկ • (cʿank)

  1. (archaic) hedge, fence
  2. list, table of contents

Declension
i-type, inanimate (Eastern Armenian)
singular plural
nominative ցանկ (cʿank) ցանկեր (cʿanker)
dative ցանկի (cʿanki) ցանկերի (cʿankeri)
ablative ցանկից (cʿankicʿ) ցանկերից (cʿankericʿ)
instrumental ցանկով (cʿankov) ցանկերով (cʿankerov)
locative ցանկում (cʿankum) ցանկերում (cʿankerum)
definite forms
nominative ցանկը/ցանկն (cʿankə/cʿankn) ցանկերը/ցանկերն (cʿankerə/cʿankern)
dative ցանկին (cʿankin) ցանկերին (cʿankerin)
1st person possessive forms (my)
nominative ցանկս (cʿanks) ցանկերս (cʿankers)
dative ցանկիս (cʿankis) ցանկերիս (cʿankeris)
ablative ցանկիցս (cʿankicʿs) ցանկերիցս (cʿankericʿs)
instrumental ցանկովս (cʿankovs) ցանկերովս (cʿankerovs)
locative ցանկումս (cʿankums) ցանկերումս (cʿankerums)
2nd person possessive forms (your)
nominative ցանկդ (cʿankd) ցանկերդ (cʿankerd)
dative ցանկիդ (cʿankid) ցանկերիդ (cʿankerid)
ablative ցանկիցդ (cʿankicʿd) ցանկերիցդ (cʿankericʿd)
instrumental ցանկովդ (cʿankovd) ցանկերովդ (cʿankerovd)
locative ցանկումդ (cʿankumd) ցանկերումդ (cʿankerumd)

Old Armenian

Etymology 1

Ačaṙean derives from ց- (cʿ-, “until”) +‎ անկանիմ (ankanim, “to fall”) and explains the sense development as ‘to fall’ → ‘to end’ → ‘boundary’ → ‘hedge’, typologically comparing Latin cado (“to fall; to end”).[1][2] In this case, identical with ցանկ (cʿank, “always”).

Olsen derives from ց- (cʿ-) +‎ nasalized non-palatal variant of Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ǵ- (“to attach”).[3]

Scheftelowitz connected with Sanskrit शङ्कु m (śaṅkú-, “pointed peg”), Old Church Slavonic сѫкъ (sǫkŭ, “branch”).[4]

Martirosyan proposes derivation from Proto-Indo-European *s-kagʰ-no-, from *kagʰ-.[5] In this case, ցանգ (cʿang) is the oldest form.

Alternative forms

Noun

ցանկ • (cʿank)

  1. hedge, fence
    պատել, փակել ցանկով ― patel, pʿakel cʿankov ― to surround with hedges, to fence in
    ցանկ արկանել ― cʿank arkanel ― to hedge in, to encompass, to surround
  2. list, table of contents
Declension
o-type
singular plural
nominative ցանկ (cʿank) ցանկք (cʿankkʿ)
genitive ցանկոյ (cʿankoy) ցանկոց (cʿankocʿ)
dative ցանկոյ (cʿankoy) ցանկոց (cʿankocʿ)
accusative ցանկ (cʿank) ցանկս (cʿanks)
ablative ցանկոյ (cʿankoy) ցանկոց (cʿankocʿ)
instrumental ցանկով (cʿankov) ցանկովք (cʿankovkʿ)
locative ցանկ (cʿank) ցանկս (cʿanks)
Derived terms
Descendants

References
  1. Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1971), “անկանիլ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Dictionary of Armenian Root Words] (in Armenian), volume I, 2nd edition, reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 198b
  2. Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1979), “ցանկ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Dictionary of Armenian Root Words] (in Armenian), volume IV, 2nd edition, reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 450b
  3. Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, page 754
  4. Scheftelowitz, J. (1904), “Zur altarmenischen lautgeschichte”, in Beiträge zur kunde der indogermanischen Sprachen (in German), volume 28, pages 287–288
  5. Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 624

Further reading
  • Awetikʿean, G.; Siwrmēlean, X.; Awgerean, M. (1837), “ցանկ”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), volume II, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 908a
  • Petrosean, H. Matatʿeay V. (1879), “ցանկ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 714b

Etymology 2

From ց- (cʿ-, “until”) +‎ անկանիմ (ankanim, “to fall”), i.e. ‘till the end’.[1][2]

Alternative forms

Adverb

ցանկ • (cʿank)

  1. always, continually
    • 5th century, Bible, Luke 22.28:
      Եւ դուք էք որ ցանգ կայիք ընդ իս ի փորձութիւնս իմ։
      Ew dukʿ ēkʿ or cʿang kayikʿ ənd is i pʿorjutʿiwns im.
      Ye are they which have continued with me in my temptations.
Derived terms

References
  1. Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1971), “անկանիլ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Dictionary of Armenian Root Words] (in Armenian), volume I, 2nd edition, reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 198b
  2. Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1979), “ցանկ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Dictionary of Armenian Root Words] (in Armenian), volume IV, 2nd edition, reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 450b

Further reading
  • Awetikʿean, G.; Siwrmēlean, X.; Awgerean, M. (1837), “ցանկ”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), volume II, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 908ab
  • Petrosean, H. Matatʿeay V. (1879), “ցանկ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 714b

Etymology 3

The origin is uncertain.[1]

Noun

ցանկ • (cʿank)

  1. desire, love, lust
Derived terms
  • անցանկական (ancʿankakan)
  • անցանկութիւն (ancʿankutʿiwn)
  • ցանկագոյն (cʿankagoyn)
  • ցանկալի (cʿankali)
  • ցանկալից (cʿankalicʿ)
  • ցանկած (cʿankac)
  • ցանկական (cʿankakan)
  • ցանկամ (cʿankam)
  • ցանկամոլ (cʿankamol)
  • ցանկանամ (cʿankanam)
  • ցանկասէր (cʿankasēr)
  • ցանկասիրեմ (cʿankasirem)
  • ցանկասիրութիւն (cʿankasirutʿiwn)
  • ցանկասփիւռ (cʿankaspʿiwṙ)
  • ցանկատեսակ (cʿankatesak)
  • ցանկարար (cʿankarar)
  • ցանկացած (cʿankacʿac)
  • ցանկացող (cʿankacʿoł)
  • ցանկացողական (cʿankacʿołakan)
  • ցանկացուցիչ (cʿankacʿucʿičʿ)
  • ցանկոտ (cʿankot)
  • ցանկութիւն (cʿankutʿiwn)
  • ցանկութիւնասէր (cʿankutʿiwnasēr)
  • ցանկումն (cʿankumn)

References
  1. Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1979), “ցանկ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Dictionary of Armenian Root Words] (in Armenian), volume IV, 2nd edition, reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 450b

Further reading
  • Awetikʿean, G.; Siwrmēlean, X.; Awgerean, M. (1837), “ցանկ”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), volume II, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 908a
  • Petrosean, H. Matatʿeay V. (1879), “ցանկ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 714b

Etymology 4

The origin is unknown.[1] Attested only in dictionaries.

Noun

ցանկ • (cʿank)

  1. (anatomy) secundine, afterbirth

References
  1. Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1979), “ցանկ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Dictionary of Armenian Root Words] (in Armenian), volume IV, 2nd edition, reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 450b

Further reading
  • Awgerean, Mkrtičʿ (1865), “ցանկ”, in Aṙjeṙn baṙaran haykaznean lezui [Pocket Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), corrected and expanded by Grigor Čēlalean, 2nd edition, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 797a
  • J̌axǰaxean, Manuēl (1837), “ցանկ”, in Baṙgirkʿ i barbaṙ hay ew italakan [Armenian–Italian Dictionary], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 1408a
  • Petrosean, H. Matatʿeay V. (1879), “ցանկ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 714b
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