լքանեմ
Old Armenian
Alternative forms
Etymology
Remodelling of Proto-Indo-European *linékʷti, nasal-infix present of *leykʷ-. Synchronically լիք- (likʿ-) + -ան- (-an-). The aorist ելիք (elikʿ), լիք (likʿ) is from Proto-Indo-European *(h₁é)-likʷet, thematic root aorist of *leykʷ-.
Verb
լքանեմ • (lkʿanem)
- (transitive) to leave, to abandon, to desert, to forsake, to quit, to give up
- (transitive) to disable
- (transitive) to dismantle
- (transitive) to discourage, to dishearten
- (in the mediopassive, intransitive) to grow weak, to be disabled, to languish, to want force
- (in the mediopassive, intransitive) to despair, to be dispirited
Conjugation
active
| infinitive | լքանել (lkʿanel) | participle | լքեալ (lkʿeal) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| causative | լքուցանեմ (lkʿucʿanem) | aorist stem | լք- (lkʿ-) | ||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | ես | դու | նա | մեք | դուք | նոքա | |
| present | լքանեմ (lkʿanem) | լքանես (lkʿanes) | լքանէ (lkʿanē) | լքանեմք (lkʿanemkʿ) | լքանէք (lkʿanēkʿ) | լքանեն (lkʿanen) | |
| imperfect | լքանէի, լքանեի* (lkʿanēi, lkʿanei*) | լքանէիր, լքանեիր* (lkʿanēir, lkʿaneir*) | լքանէր (lkʿanēr) | լքանէաք, լքանեաք* (lkʿanēakʿ, lkʿaneakʿ*) | լքանէիք, լքանեիք* (lkʿanēikʿ, lkʿaneikʿ*) | լքանէին, լքանեին* (lkʿanēin, lkʿanein*) | |
| aorist | լքի (lkʿi) | լքեր (lkʿer) | լիք, ելիք (likʿ, elikʿ) | լքաք (lkʿakʿ) | լքէք, լքիք (lkʿēkʿ, lkʿikʿ) | լքին (lkʿin) | |
| subjunctive | ես | դու | նա | մեք | դուք | նոքա | |
| present | լքանիցեմ (lkʿanicʿem) | լքանիցես (lkʿanicʿes) | լքանիցէ (lkʿanicʿē) | լքանիցեմք (lkʿanicʿemkʿ) | լքանիցէք (lkʿanicʿēkʿ) | լքանիցեն (lkʿanicʿen) | |
| aorist | լքից (lkʿicʿ) | լքցես (lkʿcʿes) | լքցէ (lkʿcʿē) | լքցուք (lkʿcʿukʿ) | լքջիք (lkʿǰikʿ) | լքցեն (lkʿcʿen) | |
| imperatives | — | (դու) | — | — | (դուք) | — | |
| imperative | — | լի՛ք (líkʿ) | — | — | լքէ՛ք (lkʿḗkʿ) | — | |
| cohortative | — | լքջի՛ր (lkʿǰír) | — | — | լքջի՛ք (lkʿǰíkʿ) | — | |
| prohibitive | — | մի՛ լքաներ (mí lkʿaner) | — | — | մի՛ լքանէք (mí lkʿanēkʿ) | — | |
| *rare | |||||||
mediopassive
| infinitive | լքանել, լքանիլ* (lkʿanel, lkʿanil*) | participle | լքեալ (lkʿeal) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| causative | լքուցանեմ (lkʿucʿanem) | aorist stem | լք- (lkʿ-) | ||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
| indicative | ես | դու | նա | մեք | դուք | նոքա | |
| present | լքանիմ (lkʿanim) | լքանիս (lkʿanis) | լքանի (lkʿani) | լքանիմք (lkʿanimkʿ) | լքանիք (lkʿanikʿ) | լքանին (lkʿanin) | |
| imperfect | լքանէի (lkʿanēi) | լքանէիր (lkʿanēir) | լքանէր, լքանիւր (lkʿanēr, lkʿaniwr) | լքանէաք (lkʿanēakʿ) | լքանէիք (lkʿanēikʿ) | լքանէին (lkʿanēin) | |
| aorist | լքայ (lkʿay) | լքար (lkʿar) | լքաւ (lkʿaw) | լքաք (lkʿakʿ) | լքայք (lkʿaykʿ) | լքան (lkʿan) | |
| subjunctive | ես | դու | նա | մեք | դուք | նոքա | |
| present | լքանիցիմ (lkʿanicʿim) | լքանիցիս (lkʿanicʿis) | լքանիցի (lkʿanicʿi) | լքանիցիմք (lkʿanicʿimkʿ) | լքանիցիք (lkʿanicʿikʿ) | լքանիցին (lkʿanicʿin) | |
| aorist | լքայց (lkʿaycʿ) | լքցիս (lkʿcʿis) | լքցի (lkʿcʿi) | լքցուք (lkʿcʿukʿ) | լքջիք (lkʿǰikʿ) | լքցին (lkʿcʿin) | |
| imperatives | — | (դու) | — | — | (դուք) | — | |
| imperative | — | լքի՛ր (lkʿír) | — | — | լքարո՛ւք (lkʿarúkʿ) | — | |
| cohortative | — | լքջի՛ր (lkʿǰír) | — | — | լքջի՛ք (lkʿǰíkʿ) | — | |
| prohibitive | — | մի՛ լքանիր (mí lkʿanir) | — | — | մի՛ լքանիք (mí lkʿanikʿ) | — | |
| *post-classical | |||||||
Derived terms
References
- Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1971–1979), “լքանեմ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Dictionary of Armenian Root Words] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
- Ačaṙyan, Hračʿya (1940) Hayocʿ lezvi patmutʿyun [History of the Armenian Language] (in Armenian), volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 26
- Awetikʿean, G.; Siwrmēlean, X.; Awgerean, M. (1836–1837), “լքանեմ”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
- Fortson, Benjamin W. (2010) Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction, second edition, Oxford: Blackwell, page 385
- Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 310
- Petrosean, H. Matatʿeay V. (1879), “լքանեմ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
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