իր

See also: -իր and Appendix:Variations of "ir"

Armenian

Pronunciation

  • (Eastern Armenian, standard) IPA(key): [iɾ]
  • (file)

Etymology 1

Learned borrowing from Old Armenian իր (ir).

Noun

իր (ir)

  1. thing
  2. (in the plural) things, belongings, goods, stuff
Usage notes

In colloquial speech Russian вещь (veščʹ) is often used instead.

Declension

Etymology 2

From Old Armenian իւր (iwr).

Alternative forms

Pronoun

իր (ir)

  1. genitive singular of ինքը (inkʿə): his, her, its

Old Armenian

Etymology

From Parthian 𐫙𐫏𐫡 (ʿyr /īr/, thing, matter).[1][2] Older sources, not knowing about the Iranian word, derived իր (ir) from the pronoun ի- (i-), from Proto-Indo-European *kʷís, for the suffix comparing որ (or) beside ո (o).[3][4][5] Because the Iranian is etymologically unexplained, Olsen allows the possibility that for once the loan went in the opposite direction, i.e. that the Iranian word is borrowed from Armenian.[6]

Noun

իր (ir)

  1. thing, matter, affair
    յիր արկանելyir arkanelto use, to wear; to put in execution
    ոչ կարիմ առնել իրս ինչočʿ karim aṙnel irs inčʿI can do nothing
    իրք առն յառաջադէմ յաջողէինirkʿ aṙn yaṙaǰadēm yaǰołēinthis man's affairs prospered
    այր հմուտ իրաց պատերազմիayr hmut iracʿ paterazmia man experienced in warfare
    կարեւոր իրkarewor iran important affair
    իրք աշխարհինirkʿ ašxarhinpublic business
    իրաց իրացiracʿ iracʿof various, or many things
    յիրս յիրսyirs yirsin various matters
    իրօքirōkʿby deeds; really, effectively
    ամենայն իրօքamenayn irōkʿin any way, or manner, at all events
    սմին, դմին, նմին իրիsmin, dmin, nmin irifor this, therefore, for this, that reason
    բարւոք ընթանան իրքbarwokʿ əntʿanan irkʿaffairs are thriving, business is prosperous
    ընդ բան եւ ընդ իր է մեծ ինչ խտիրənd ban ew ənd ir ē mec inčʿ xtirsaying and doing are two things
    նմին աղագաւ, նմին իրիnmin ałagaw, nmin irifor which reason, therefore, wherefore, on that account; consequently

Declension

Derived terms

  • իրաւ (iraw)
  • իրեմ (irem)
  • իրենող (irenoł)
  • իրողութիւն (irołutʿiwn)
  • իրոցեմ (irocʿem)
  • իրօք (irōkʿ)

Descendants

References

  1. Benveniste, Émile (1957–1958), “Mots d’emprunt iraniens en arménien”, in Bulletin de la Société de Linguistique de Paris (in French), volume 53, page 57
  2. Benveniste, Émile (1964), “Éléments parthes en arménien”, in Revue des Études Arméniennes. Nouvelle série (in French), volume 1, pages 11–12
  3. Petermann, Julius Heinrich (1837) Grammatica linguae armenicae (in Latin), Berlin: Eichler, page 179
  4. Pedersen, Holger (1906), “Armenisch und die Nachbarsprachen”, in Zeitschrift für vergleichende Sprachforschung auf dem Gebiete der Indogermanischen Sprachen (in German), volume 39, issue 3, page 478
  5. Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1973), իր”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Dictionary of Armenian Root Words] (in Armenian), volume II, 2nd edition, reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press, page 250
  6. Olsen, Birgit Anette (1999) The noun in Biblical Armenian: origin and word-formation: with special emphasis on the Indo-European heritage (Trends in linguistics. Studies and monographs; 119), Berlin, New York: Mouton de Gruyter, pages 883–884

Further reading

  • Awetikʿean, G.; Siwrmēlean, X.; Awgerean, M. (1836–1837), իր”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
  • Petrosean, H. Matatʿeay V. (1879), իր”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
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