тюрьма

Russian

Etymology

Traditionally derived from Polish turma, from Middle High German turm, from Old French *turm, from Latin turrem/turrim, accusative singular of turris. But more likely from Proto-Turkic *türmä (“prison”); compare Tatar төрмә (törmä, “prison”), Kyrgyz түрмө (türmö, “prison”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): [tʲʉrʲˈma]
  • Audio(file)

Noun

тюрьма́ • (tjurʹmá) f inan (genitive тюрьмы́, nominative plural тю́рьмы, genitive plural тю́рем)

  1. prison, jail

Declension
Declension of тюрьма́ (inan fem-form hard-stem accent-d reduc) 
singular plural
nominative тюрьма́
tjurʹmá		 тю́рьмы
tjúrʹmy
genitive тюрьмы́
tjurʹmý		 тю́рем
tjúrem
dative тюрьме́
tjurʹmé		 тю́рьмам
tjúrʹmam
accusative тюрьму́
tjurʹmú		 тю́рьмы
tjúrʹmy
instrumental тюрьмо́й, тюрьмо́ю
tjurʹmój, tjurʹmóju		 тю́рьмами
tjúrʹmami
prepositional тюрьме́
tjurʹmé		 тю́рьмах
tjúrʹmax

References
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “тюрьма”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv O. N., Moscow: Progress
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