сорок

Russian

Russian cardinal numbers
 <  39 40 41  > 
    Cardinal : со́рок (sórok)
    Ordinal : сороково́й (sorokovój)

Etymology 1

From Old East Slavic сорокъ (sorokŭ, a bunch of 40 sable pelts; forty), displaced четꙑредесѧте (četyredesęte, forty) (< Proto-Slavic *četyre desęte (forty)).

Further etymology is unclear. In the past regarded as borrowed from Byzantine Greek σαράκοντα (sarákonta, 40), but this etymology is problematic because of phonetic and semantic reasons. The older meaning is a bunch of sable pelts. May be related to соро́чка (soróčka); compare Old Norse serkr (shirt; 200 furs), archaic Slovak meru (40) from Hungarian mérő (sack).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈsorək]
  • (file)

Numeral

со́рок (sórok)

  1. forty (40)
Declension

Usage notes

сорок (sorok) in the nominative case and accusative case governs the genitive plural of the noun. In other cases, it governs the corresponding plural case of the noun.

Derived terms

Coordinate terms

References

Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), сорок”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv O. N., Moscow: Progress

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [sɐˈrok]

Noun

соро́к (sorók) f anim pl

  1. genitive plural of соро́ка (soróka)
  2. accusative plural of соро́ка (soróka)

Ukrainian

Ukrainian cardinal numbers
 <  39 40 41  > 
    Cardinal : сорок (sorok)
    Ordinal : сороко́вий (sorokóvyj)

Etymology

From Old East Slavic сорокъ (sorokŭ, a bunch of 40 sable pelts), cognates include Russian со́рок (sórok) and Belarusian со́рак (sórak); further origin is unknown.

Pronunciation

  • (file)

Numeral

со́рок (sórok)

  1. (cardinal) forty (40)

Declension

Coordinate terms

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