τυγχάνω

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From the Proto-Indo-European root *dʰewgʰ-, from which also τεύχω (teúkhō, produce).

The present stem τυγχάνω (tunkhánō) is a zero-grade form of the root with nasal infix and nasal suffix, like λαμβάνω (lambánō, take) and λανθάνω (lanthánō, do secretly). The aorist stem ἔτυχον (étukhon) is zero-grade with no suffix, and ἐτύχησᾰ (etúkhēsa), and τετύχηκᾰ (tetúkhēka) are zero-grade with regular first-aorist and perfect suffixes. The future τεύξομαι (teúxomai) and perfect τέτευχᾰ (téteukha) and τέτευγμαι (téteugmai) are e-grade. Related to τεύχω (teúkhō), which is from a different present stem and with which it shares some forms.

Pronunciation

 

Verb

τυγχάνω (tunkhánō)

  1. Expressing coincidence: to happen (to be)
    1. (of events) to happen, occur [+dative = to someone]
    2. (of a person) to happen [+participle = to do something]
      • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 14.334–335:
        τύχησε γὰρ ἐρχομένη νηῦς
        ἀνδρῶν Θεσπρωτῶν ἐς Δουλίχιον πολύπῡρον.
        túkhēse gàr erkhoménē nēûs
        andrôn Thesprōtôn es Doulíkhion polúpūron.
        For a ship belonging to Thesprotian men happened to be going to Dulichium rich in grain.
  2. to succeed [+participle or infinitive = at doing]; to go successfully
    1. to hit a target [+genitive]
    2. to meet someone [+genitive]
    3. to get or attain something [+genitive]

Inflection

Antonyms

Further reading

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