μάγγανον

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Sanskrit मञ्जुल (mañjula, “charming, lovely”) and मङ्गल (maṅgala, “good omen, bliss”) were proposed as cognates, but this is not credible and they are semantically too far off. Connection to the group of μάσσω (mássō, “to knead”) is unconvincing too. Van Beek suggests a comparison with μηχανή (mēkhanḗ, “contrivance”); the pair of words shows prenasalization and interchange of "γ" and "χ", which both are typical reflexes of a Pre-Greek word.

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /máŋ.ɡa.non/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈmaŋ.ɡa.non/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈmaŋ.ɡa.non/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈmaŋ.ɡa.non/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈmaŋ.ɡa.non/

Noun

μάγγᾰνον • (mánganon) n (genitive μαγγᾰ́νου); second declension

philtre, charm, means for bewitching others
block of a pulley
bolt, iron peg
catapult, ballista, tormentum

Inflection

Second declension of τὸ μάγγᾰνον; τοῦ μαγγᾰ́νου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ μάγγᾰνον tò mánganon	τὼ μαγγᾰ́νω tṑ mangánō	τᾰ̀ μάγγᾰνᾰ tà mángana
Genitive	τοῦ μαγγᾰ́νου toû mangánou	τοῖν μαγγᾰ́νοιν toîn mangánoin	τῶν μαγγᾰ́νων tôn mangánōn
Dative	τῷ μαγγᾰ́νῳ tôi mangánōi	τοῖν μαγγᾰ́νοιν toîn mangánoin	τοῖς μαγγᾰ́νοις toîs mangánois
Accusative	τὸ μάγγᾰνον tò mánganon	τὼ μαγγᾰ́νω tṑ mangánō	τᾰ̀ μάγγᾰνᾰ tà mángana
Vocative	μάγγᾰνον mánganon	μαγγᾰ́νω mangánō	μάγγᾰνᾰ mángana
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

μαγγανάριος (manganários)
μαγγανεία (manganeía)
μαγγάνευμα (mangáneuma)
μαγγανευτήριον (manganeutḗrion)
μαγγανευτής (manganeutḗs)
μαγγανευτικός (manganeutikós)
μαγγανεύτρια (manganeútria)
μαγγανεύω (manganeúō)
μαγγανικά (manganiká)

Descendants

Greek: μάγγανο (mángano), μάγκανο (mágkano)
→ Latin: manganum, mangana
- → Middle High German: mange, mangel
  - German: Mange, Mangel
    - ⇒ German: mangeln
  - → Czech: mandl, mangl
    - ⇒ Czech: mandlovat
    - → Slovak: mangeľ
      - ⇒ Slovak: mangľovať, mangľovňa
  - → Middle Dutch: manghe, mangel
    - → English: mangle
      - → Romanian: mangăl
  - → Finnish: mankeli
  - → Middle Low German: mange
  - → Hungarian: mángorol
  - → Kashubian: mągla
    - ⇒ Kashubian: mąglovac, mąglac
  - → Polish: magiel, maglownica, maglarka, maglarz
    - → Ukrainian: ма́гель (máhelʹ), ма́голь (máholʹ), ма́гіль (máhilʹ), магельни́ца (mahelʹnýca), магля́рка (mahljárka), маглівни́ца (mahlivnýca)
      - ⇒ Ukrainian: маглюва́ти (mahljuváty)
    - ⇒ Polish: maglować
- → Italian: mangano
→ Ottoman Turkish: منگنه‎ (mengene)
- Turkish: mengene
- → Armenian: մենկենե (menkene), մանգյանա (mangyana)
- → Persian: منگنه‎ (mangene)