κακοήθης

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From κακός (kakós, “bad”) +‎ ἦθος (êthos, “character”) +‎ -ης (-ēs, adjective suffix).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ka.ko.ɛ̌ː.tʰɛːs/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ka.koˈe.tʰes/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ka.koˈi.θis/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ka.koˈi.θis/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ka.koˈi.θis/

Adjective

κᾰκοήθης • (kakoḗthēs) m or f (neuter κακόηθες); third declension

(of humans and animals) ill-disposed, malicious
(of humans) thinking evil; given to the worst disposition for a situation
(of things) infamous, abominable
(medicine, of sores, fevers, diseases) malignant
(neuter, substantive, κᾰκόηθες) a bad habit

Declension

Third declension of κᾰκοήθης; κᾰκόηθες (contracted, Attic)

Number	Singular		Dual		Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	κᾰκοήθης kakoḗthēs	κᾰκόηθες kakóēthes	κᾰκοήθει kakoḗthei	κᾰκοήθει kakoḗthei	κᾰκοήθεις kakoḗtheis	κᾰκοήθη kakoḗthē
Genitive	κᾰκοήθους kakoḗthous	κᾰκοήθους kakoḗthous	κᾰκοήθοιν kakoḗthoin	κᾰκοήθοιν kakoḗthoin	κᾰκοήθων kakoḗthōn	κᾰκοήθων kakoḗthōn
Dative	κᾰκοήθει kakoḗthei	κᾰκοήθει kakoḗthei	κᾰκοήθοιν kakoḗthoin	κᾰκοήθοιν kakoḗthoin	κᾰκοήθεσῐ / κᾰκοήθεσῐν kakoḗthesi(n)	κᾰκοήθεσῐ / κᾰκοήθεσῐν kakoḗthesi(n)
Accusative	κᾰκοήθη kakoḗthē	κᾰκόηθες kakóēthes	κᾰκοήθει kakoḗthei	κᾰκοήθει kakoḗthei	κᾰκοήθεις kakoḗtheis	κᾰκοήθη kakoḗthē
Vocative	κᾰκόηθες kakóēthes	κᾰκόηθες kakóēthes	κᾰκοήθει kakoḗthei	κᾰκοήθει kakoḗthei	κᾰκοήθεις kakoḗtheis	κᾰκοήθη kakoḗthē
Derived forms	Adverb		Comparative		Superlative
Derived forms	κᾰκοήθως kakoḗthōs		κᾰκοηθέστερος kakoēthésteros		κᾰκοηθέστᾰτος kakoēthéstatos
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of κᾰκοήθης; κᾰκόηθες (uncontracted, Ionic)

Number	Singular		Dual		Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	κᾰκοήθης kakoḗthēs	κᾰκόηθες kakóēthes	κᾰκοήθει / κᾰκοήθεε kakoḗthei / kakoḗthee	κᾰκοήθει / κᾰκοήθεε kakoḗthei / kakoḗthee	κᾰκοήθεις / κᾰκοήθεες kakoḗtheis / kakoḗthees	κᾰκοήθεᾰ kakoḗthea
Genitive	κᾰκοήθεος / κᾰκοήθευς kakoḗtheos / kakoḗtheus	κᾰκοήθεος / κᾰκοήθευς kakoḗtheos / kakoḗtheus	κᾰκοηθέοιν kakoēthéoin	κᾰκοηθέοιν kakoēthéoin	κᾰκοηθέων kakoēthéōn	κᾰκοηθέων kakoēthéōn
Dative	κᾰκοήθει / κᾰκοήθεῐ̈ kakoḗthei / kakoḗtheï	κᾰκοήθει / κᾰκοήθεῐ̈ kakoḗthei / kakoḗtheï	κᾰκοηθέοιν kakoēthéoin	κᾰκοηθέοιν kakoēthéoin	κᾰκοήθεσῐ / κᾰκοήθεσῐν kakoḗthesi(n)	κᾰκοήθεσῐ / κᾰκοήθεσῐν kakoḗthesi(n)
Accusative	κᾰκοήθεᾰ kakoḗthea	κᾰκόηθες kakóēthes	κᾰκοήθει / κᾰκοήθεε kakoḗthei / kakoḗthee	κᾰκοήθει / κᾰκοήθεε kakoḗthei / kakoḗthee	κᾰκοήθεᾰς kakoḗtheas	κᾰκοήθεᾰ kakoḗthea
Vocative	κᾰκόηθες kakóēthes	κᾰκόηθες kakóēthes	κᾰκοήθει / κᾰκοήθεε kakoḗthei / kakoḗthee	κᾰκοήθει / κᾰκοήθεε kakoḗthei / kakoḗthee	κᾰκοήθεις / κᾰκοήθεες kakoḗtheis / kakoḗthees	κᾰκοήθεᾰ kakoḗthea
Derived forms	Adverb		Comparative		Superlative
Derived forms	κᾰκοηθέως kakoēthéōs		κᾰκοηθέστερος kakoēthésteros		κᾰκοηθέστᾰτος kakoēthéstatos
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Antonyms

εὐήθης (euḗthēs)

Derived terms

κᾰκοήθεια (kakoḗtheia)
κᾰκοήθευμα (kakoḗtheuma)
κᾰκοηθεύομαι (kakoētheúomai)
κᾰκοηθίζομαι (kakoēthízomai)
κᾰκοηθίη (kakoēthíē)
κακοηθιστέον (kakoēthistéon)
κᾰκοηθιστέον (kakoēthistéon)

References

κακοήθης in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
κακοήθης in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
κακοήθης in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- ill-natured idem, page 416.
- ill-tempered idem, page 416.
- malevolent idem, page 510.
- malicious idem, page 510.
- mischievous idem, page 533.
- spiteful idem, page 802.

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