εἰκών

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Perhaps from a Proto-Indo-European *weyk-, although no certain cognates exist outside of Greek. Compare εἰκῇ (eikêi) and ἔοικα (éoika).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /eː.kɔ̌ːn/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /iˈkon/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /iˈkon/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /iˈkon/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /iˈkon/

Noun

εἰκών • (eikṓn) f (genitive εἰκόνος); third declension

Inflection

Third declension of ἡ εἰκών; τῆς εἰκόνος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ εἰκών hē eikṓn	τὼ εἰκόνε tṑ eikóne	αἱ εἰκόνες hai eikónes
Genitive	τῆς εἰκόνος tês eikónos	τοῖν εἰκόνοιν toîn eikónoin	τῶν εἰκόνων tôn eikónōn
Dative	τῇ εἰκόνῐ têi eikóni	τοῖν εἰκόνοιν toîn eikónoin	ταῖς εἰκόσῐ / εἰκόσῐν taîs eikósi(n)
Accusative	τὴν εἰκόνᾰ tḕn eikóna	τὼ εἰκόνε tṑ eikóne	τᾱ̀ς εἰκόνᾰς tā̀s eikónas
Vocative	εἰκών eikṓn	εἰκόνε eikóne	εἰκόνες eikónes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Third declension of ἡ εἰκώ; τῆς εἰκοῦς (Ionic)

Case / #	Singular
Nominative	ἡ εἰκώ hē eikṓ
Genitive	τῆς εἰκοῦς tês eikoûs
Dative	τῇ εἰκοῖ têi eikoî
Accusative	τὴν εἰκοῦν tḕn eikoûn
Vocative	εἰκοῖ eikoî
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.

Descendants

Greek: εικόνα (eikóna)
Latin: īcōn
- English: icon
- French: icône
- Spanish: icono
- Portuguese: ícone
Polish: ikona
Russian: икона (ikona)

References

εἰκών in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
εἰκών in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
εἰκών in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
εἰκών in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2019)
G1504 in Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979
Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- apparition idem, page 34.
- appearance idem, page 35.
- bust idem, page 106.
- effigy idem, page 263.
- emblem idem, page 267.
- figure idem, page 319.
- form idem, page 338.
- ghost idem, page 358.
- idea idem, page 413.
- image idem, page 416.
- impression idem, page 423.
- likeness idem, page 492.
- notion idem, page 562.
- painting idem, page 589.
- phantom idem, page 610.
- picture idem, page 611.
- portrait idem, page 627.
- reflection idem, page 684.
- representation idem, page 697.
- scene idem, page 738.
- semblance idem, page 751.
- shade idem, page 760.
- simile idem, page 776.
- similitude idem, page 776.
- sketch idem, page 780.
- spectre idem, page 800.
- spirit idem, page 802.
- symbol idem, page 850.
- type idem, page 904.
- vision idem, page 954.
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, ISBN 9789004174207

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