βαλανεῖον

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

βᾰλᾰνῖον (balanîon), βᾰλᾰνῆον (balanêon)

Etymology

From βᾰλᾰνεύς (balaneús, “bath-man”), with further origin uncertain. Attempts have been made to connect with βάλανος (bálanos, “acorn”), but are semantically unconvincing. Probably Pre-Greek. Compare also Old Georgian აბანო (abano).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ba.la.nêː.on/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ba.laˈni.on/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /βa.laˈni.on/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /va.laˈni.on/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /va.laˈni.on/

Noun

βᾰλᾰνεῖον • (balaneîon) n (genitive βᾰλᾰνείου); second declension

bath, bathing room
bathhouse

Inflection

Second declension of τὸ βᾰλᾰνεῖον; τοῦ βᾰλᾰνείου (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ βᾰλᾰνεῖον tò balaneîon	τὼ βᾰλᾰνείω tṑ balaneíō	τᾰ̀ βᾰλᾰνεῖᾰ tà balaneîa
Genitive	τοῦ βᾰλᾰνείου toû balaneíou	τοῖν βᾰλᾰνείοιν toîn balaneíoin	τῶν βᾰλᾰνείων tôn balaneíōn
Dative	τῷ βᾰλᾰνείῳ tôi balaneíōi	τοῖν βᾰλᾰνείοιν toîn balaneíoin	τοῖς βᾰλᾰνείοις toîs balaneíois
Accusative	τὸ βᾰλᾰνεῖον tò balaneîon	τὼ βᾰλᾰνείω tṑ balaneíō	τᾰ̀ βᾰλᾰνεῖᾰ tà balaneîa
Vocative	βᾰλᾰνεῖον balaneîon	βᾰλᾰνείω balaneíō	βᾰλᾰνεῖᾰ balaneîa
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Synonyms

λουτρόν (loutrón) (poetic)

Descendants

Latin: balineum, balneum
- Friulian: bagn
- Old Occitan: [Term?]
  - Catalan: bany
  - Occitan: banh
- Old French: bain
  - French: bain
  - Middle English: bayne, baine
- Italian: bagno
  - → French: bagne
  - → Greek: μπάνιο (bánio)
  - → Hijazi Arabic: بانيو‎ (bānyu)
  - → Turkish: banyo
- Old Portuguese: banno
  - Galician: baño
  - Portuguese: banho
- Romanian: baie
- Spanish: baño
- Venetian: bagno
- → Slavic: *banja
  - Russian: ба́ня (bánja)
    - → Dutch: banja
    - → English: banya
    - → Finnish: banja
    - → French: bania
    - → German: Banja
    - → Japanese: バニャ (banya)
    - → Swedish: banja
→ Old Armenian: բաղանիք (bałanikʿ)
- → Armenian: բաղնիք (bałnikʿ)

References

βαλανεῖον in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
βαλανεῖον in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
βαλανεῖον in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
βαλανεῖον in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2019)
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill

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