wꜥb

Egyptian
FWOTD – 19 August 2017

Etymology 1

Pronunciation
 
  • (reconstructed) IPA(key): /waˈʕab/ → /waˈʕab/ → /wəˈʕap/

Verb

 3-lit.

  1. (intransitive) to be(come) pure or clean
  2. (reflexive) to purify or bathe (oneself)
Inflection
Conjugation of wꜥb (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: wꜥb, geminated stem: wꜥbb
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
wꜥb
 wꜥbw, wꜥb
 wꜥbt
 wꜥb
 wꜥb
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
wꜥb
 ḥr wꜥb
 m wꜥb
 r wꜥb
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active passive contingent
aspect / mood active passive
perfect wꜥb.n
 wꜥbw, wꜥb
 consecutive wꜥb.jn
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
terminative wꜥbt
perfective3 wꜥb
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 obligative wꜥb.ḫr
 active + .tj1, .tw2
imperfective wꜥb
 active + .tj1, .tw2
prospective3 wꜥb
 wꜥbb
 potentialis wꜥb.kꜣ
 active + .tj1, .tw2
active + .tj1, .tw2
subjunctive wꜥb
 active + .tj1, .tw2
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active passive active passive
perfect wꜥb.n
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 — —
perfective wꜥb
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 wꜥb
 wꜥb, wꜥbw5, wꜥby5
imperfective wꜥb, wꜥby, wꜥbw5
 active + .tj1, .tw2
 wꜥb, wꜥbj6, wꜥby6
 wꜥb, wꜥbw5
prospective wꜥb, wꜥbtj7
 — wꜥbtj4, wꜥbt4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular.
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.
Derived terms

Etymology 2

perfective active participle of wꜥb

Pronunciation

Adjective
  1. pure, clean
    • c. 13th Dynasty, Naos of Hori, Kunsthistorisches Museum 186, Vienna:

      ḫt nbt nfrt wꜥbt ꜥnḫt nṯr jm
      […] all things good and pure on which a god lives.
Inflection
Declension of wꜥb (perfective active participle)
masculine feminine
singular wꜥb
 wꜥbt
dual wꜥbwj
 wꜥbtj
plural wꜥbw
 wꜥbwt1, wꜥbt2
  1. Archaic in Middle Egyptian when modifying a noun.
  2. From Middle Egyptian, this feminine singular form was generally used for the plural.
    In Late Egyptian, the masculine singular form was used with all nouns.

Etymology 3

Pronunciation
 
  • (reconstructed) IPA(key): /ˈwiːʕab/ → /ˈwiːʕab/ → /ˈweːʕəp/

Noun

 m

  1. the lowest level of priest, literally a “cleaner”, responsible for cleaning and purifying the temple and preparing ritual offerings
    • c. 2015 BCE, Meru, Stela of Meru (Turin 1447), textfield lines 2-4:


















      j ꜥnḫw tp(j)w tꜣ
      wnnt(j).s⟨n⟩ m šmsw n(j) ḫnt(j)-jmntjw n(j) wp-wꜣwt mrrw ꜥnḫ msḏḏw ḫpt
      wꜥbw nw nṯr ꜥꜣ ḥmw-nṯr nbw nw ꜣbḏw
      O living ones who are on the earth,
      who will be in the retinue of Khentamentiu and Wepwawet, who love life and hate dying,
      cleaner-priests of the great god and all priests of Abydos!
Inflection
Declension of wꜥb (masculine)
singular wꜥb
dual wꜥbwj
plural wꜥbw
Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of wꜥb  
wꜥb wꜥb
Descendants
  • Demotic: wꜥb
    • Akhmimic Coptic: ⲟⲩⲉⲓⲃⲉ (oueibe), ⲟⲩⲓⲉⲓⲃⲉ (ouieibe), ⲟⲩⲓⲃⲉ (ouibe)
    • Bohairic Coptic: ⲟⲩⲏⲃ (ouēb)
    • Fayyumic Coptic: ⲟⲩⲏⲏⲃ (ouēēb), ⲟⲩⲏⲃ (ouēb), ⲟⲩⲉⲃ (oueb), ⲟⲩⲉϥ (ouef), ⲟⲩⲏⲉⲃ (ouēeb)
    • Lycopolitan Coptic: ⲟⲩⲏⲏⲃ (ouēēb)
    • Sahidic Coptic: ⲟⲩⲏⲏⲃ (ouēēb)

References
  • James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN.
  • Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 41, 54
  1. Loprieno, Antonio (1995) Ancient Egyptian: A Linguistic Introduction, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 30, 41
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