svelta
Icelandic
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈsvɛl̥ta/
- Rhymes: -ɛl̥ta
Etymology 1
From Old Norse svelta (strong verb), from Proto-Germanic *sweltaną.
Verb
svelta (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative svalt, third-person plural past indicative sultu, supine soltið)
- (intransitive) to starve
Conjugation
svelta — active voice (germynd)
| infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að svelta | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| supine (sagnbót) |
soltið | ||||
| present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
sveltandi | ||||
| indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
| present (nútíð) |
ég svelt | við sveltum | present (nútíð) |
ég svelti | við sveltum |
| þú sveltur | þið sveltið | þú sveltir | þið sveltið | ||
| hann, hún, það sveltur | þeir, þær, þau svelta | hann, hún, það svelti | þeir, þær, þau svelti | ||
| past (þátíð) |
ég svalt | við sultum | past (þátíð) |
ég sylti | við syltum |
| þú svalst | þið sultuð | þú syltir | þið syltuð | ||
| hann, hún, það svalt | þeir, þær, þau sultu | hann, hún, það sylti | þeir, þær, þau syltu | ||
| imperative (boðháttur) |
svelt (þú) | sveltið (þið) | |||
| Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
| sveltu | sveltiði * | ||||
| * Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. | |||||
soltinn — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
| strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
| nominative (nefnifall) |
soltinn | soltin | soltið | soltnir | soltnar | soltin | |
| accusative (þolfall) |
soltinn | soltna | soltið | soltna | soltnar | soltin | |
| dative (þágufall) |
soltnum | soltinni | soltnu | soltnum | soltnum | soltnum | |
| genitive (eignarfall) |
soltins | soltinnar | soltins | soltinna | soltinna | soltinna | |
| weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
| masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
| nominative (nefnifall) |
soltni | soltna | soltna | soltnu | soltnu | soltnu | |
| accusative (þolfall) |
soltna | soltnu | soltna | soltnu | soltnu | soltnu | |
| dative (þágufall) |
soltna | soltnu | soltna | soltnu | soltnu | soltnu | |
| genitive (eignarfall) |
soltna | soltnu | soltna | soltnu | soltnu | soltnu | |
Derived terms
- sveltur sitjandi kráka en fljúgandi fær
Etymology 2
From Old Norse svelta (weak verb), from Proto-Germanic *swaltijaną.
Verb
svelta (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative svelti, supine svelt)
- (transitive, governs the accusative) to starve (someone, or figuratively something)
Conjugation
svelta — active voice (germynd)
| infinitive (nafnháttur) |
að svelta | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| supine (sagnbót) |
svelt | ||||
| present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar) |
sveltandi | ||||
| indicative (framsöguháttur) |
subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur) | ||||
| present (nútíð) |
ég svelti | við sveltum | present (nútíð) |
ég svelti | við sveltum |
| þú sveltir | þið sveltið | þú sveltir | þið sveltið | ||
| hann, hún, það sveltir | þeir, þær, þau svelta | hann, hún, það svelti | þeir, þær, þau svelti | ||
| past (þátíð) |
ég svelti | við sveltum | past (þátíð) |
ég svelti | við sveltum |
| þú sveltir | þið sveltuð | þú sveltir | þið sveltuð | ||
| hann, hún, það svelti | þeir, þær, þau sveltu | hann, hún, það svelti | þeir, þær, þau sveltu | ||
| imperative (boðháttur) |
svelt (þú) | sveltið (þið) | |||
| Forms with appended personal pronoun | |||||
| sveltu | sveltiði * | ||||
| * Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred. | |||||
sveltur — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
| strong declension (sterk beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
| nominative (nefnifall) |
sveltur | svelt | svelt | sveltir | sveltar | svelt | |
| accusative (þolfall) |
sveltan | svelta | svelt | svelta | sveltar | svelt | |
| dative (þágufall) |
sveltum | sveltri | sveltu | sveltum | sveltum | sveltum | |
| genitive (eignarfall) |
svelts | sveltrar | svelts | sveltra | sveltra | sveltra | |
| weak declension (veik beyging) |
singular (eintala) | plural (fleirtala) | |||||
| masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) |
masculine (karlkyn) |
feminine (kvenkyn) |
neuter (hvorugkyn) | ||
| nominative (nefnifall) |
svelti | svelta | svelta | sveltu | sveltu | sveltu | |
| accusative (þolfall) |
svelta | sveltu | svelta | sveltu | sveltu | sveltu | |
| dative (þágufall) |
svelta | sveltu | svelta | sveltu | sveltu | sveltu | |
| genitive (eignarfall) |
svelta | sveltu | svelta | sveltu | sveltu | sveltu | |
Italian
Old Norse
Etymology 1
From Proto-Germanic *sweltaną.
Conjugation
Conjugation of svelta — active (strong class 3)
| infinitive | svelta | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | sveltandi | |
| past participle | soltinn | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | svelt | svalt |
| 2nd-person singular | sveltr | svalzt |
| 3rd-person singular | sveltr | svalt |
| 1st-person plural | sveltum | sultum |
| 2nd-person plural | sveltið | sultuð |
| 3rd-person plural | svelta | sultu |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | svelta | sylta |
| 2nd-person singular | sveltir | syltir |
| 3rd-person singular | svelti | sylti |
| 1st-person plural | sveltim | syltim |
| 2nd-person plural | sveltið | syltið |
| 3rd-person plural | svelti | sylti |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | svelt | |
| 1st-person plural | sveltum | |
| 2nd-person plural | sveltið | |
Conjugation of svelta — mediopassive (strong class 3)
| infinitive | sveltask | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | sveltandisk | |
| past participle | soltizk | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | sveltumk | sultumk |
| 2nd-person singular | svelzk | svalzk |
| 3rd-person singular | svelzk | svalzk |
| 1st-person plural | sveltumsk | sultumsk |
| 2nd-person plural | sveltizk | sultuzk |
| 3rd-person plural | sveltask | sultusk |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | sveltumk | syltumk |
| 2nd-person singular | sveltisk | syltisk |
| 3rd-person singular | sveltisk | syltisk |
| 1st-person plural | sveltimsk | syltimsk |
| 2nd-person plural | sveltizk | syltizk |
| 3rd-person plural | sveltisk | syltisk |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | svelzk | |
| 1st-person plural | sveltumsk | |
| 2nd-person plural | sveltizk | |
Etymology 2
From Proto-Germanic *swaltijaną.
Verb
svelta (singular past indicative svalt, plural past indicative sultu, past participle soltinn)
- (transitive) to starve
Conjugation
Conjugation of svelta — active (weak class 1)
| infinitive | svelta | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | sveltandi | |
| past participle | sveltr | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | svelti | svelta |
| 2nd-person singular | sveltir | sveltir |
| 3rd-person singular | sveltir | svelti |
| 1st-person plural | sveltum | sveltum |
| 2nd-person plural | sveltið | sveltuð |
| 3rd-person plural | svelta | sveltu |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | svelta | svelta |
| 2nd-person singular | sveltir | sveltir |
| 3rd-person singular | svelti | svelti |
| 1st-person plural | sveltim | sveltim |
| 2nd-person plural | sveltið | sveltið |
| 3rd-person plural | svelti | svelti |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | svelt | |
| 1st-person plural | sveltum | |
| 2nd-person plural | sveltið | |
Conjugation of svelta — mediopassive (weak class 1)
| infinitive | sveltask | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | sveltandisk | |
| past participle | svelzk | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | sveltumk | sveltumk |
| 2nd-person singular | sveltisk | sveltisk |
| 3rd-person singular | sveltisk | sveltisk |
| 1st-person plural | sveltumsk | sveltumsk |
| 2nd-person plural | sveltizk | sveltuzk |
| 3rd-person plural | sveltask | sveltusk |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | sveltumk | sveltumk |
| 2nd-person singular | sveltisk | sveltisk |
| 3rd-person singular | sveltisk | sveltisk |
| 1st-person plural | sveltimsk | sveltimsk |
| 2nd-person plural | sveltizk | sveltizk |
| 3rd-person plural | sveltisk | sveltisk |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | svelzk | |
| 1st-person plural | sveltumsk | |
| 2nd-person plural | sveltizk | |
References
- svelta in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
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