sop

See also: SOP and söp

English

Etymology

From Middle English sop, soppe, sope, from Old English sopa (“sopped bread”), from Proto-Germanic *supô (compare Dutch sop, Old High German sopfa), deverbative of *sūpaną (“to sup”). More at sup; compare soup.

Pronunciation

Noun

sop (plural sops)

  1. Something entirely soaked.
    • Shakespeare
      The bounded waters / Should lift their bosoms higher than the shores, / And make a sop of all this solid globe.
  2. A piece of solid food to be soaked in liquid food.
    • Bible, John xiii. 26
      He it is to whom I shall give a sop, when I have dipped it.
    • Francis Bacon
      Sops in wine, quantity for quantity, inebriate more than wine itself.
  3. Something given or done to pacify or bribe.
    • L'Estrange
      All nature is cured with a sop.
    • 1996, Bernard Knox, Introduction to Robert Fagles's translation of The Odyssey:
      The suggested petrification of the ship is a sop to gratify Poseidon and compensate him for a concession--the Phaeacians will not be cut off from the sea.
  4. A weak, easily frightened or ineffectual person; a milksop
  5. (Appalachia) Gravy.
  6. (obsolete) A thing of little or no value.
    (Can we find and add a quotation of Piers Plowman to this entry?)
  7. A piece of turf placed in the road as a target for a throw in road bowling.

Derived terms

Translations
easily frightened person — see milksop
gravy — see gravy

Verb

sop (third-person singular simple present sops, present participle sopping, simple past and past participle sopped)

  1. To steep or dip in any liquid.
    • 1928, White, Newman Ivey, American Negro Folk-Songs, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, page 227:
      When I die, don't bury me deep, / Put a jug of 'lasses at my feet, / And a piece of corn bread in my hand, / Gwine to sop my way to the promised land.
    • 1945 December 27, Post, Emily, “Sopping Bread May Be Done”, in The Spokesman-Review‎:
      So again let me say that sopping bread into gravy can be done properly merely by putting a piece down on the gravy and then soaking it with the help of a knife and fork as though it were any other food. But taking a soft piece of bread and pushing it under the sauce with your fingers, submerging them as well as the bread, or even wiping the plate with it would be very bad manners indeed.

Derived terms

Translations

Anagrams

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch sop, from Old Dutch *sop, from Proto-Germanic *suppą.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /sɔp/
  • Audio(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɔp

Noun

sop n (plural soppen, diminutive sopje n)

  1. water with soap, usually for washing
  2. the sea in terms of somebody who will sail on it
    Het ruime sop kiezen.
    To set sail.

Derived terms
  • zeepsop

Indonesian

Noun

sop (plural sop-sop, first-person possessive sopku, second-person possessive sopmu, third-person possessive sopnya)

  1. soup

Irish

Etymology

Noun

sop m (genitive singular soip, nominative plural soip)

  1. wisp, small bundle (of straw, etc.)
  2. straw bedding; (straw) bed

Declension
Declension of sop

First declension

Bare forms:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative sop soip
Vocative a shoip a shopa
Genitive soip sop
Dative sop soip

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an sop na soip
Genitive an tsoip na sop
Dative leis an sop

don sop

 leis na soip

Derived terms
  • dul chun soip (“to go to bed”)
  • sopachán m (“straw bedding; straw pallet, shakedown; nesting material; wispy person; unkempt person”)
  • sop a chur faoin eallach (“to bed down the cattle”)
  • sopaireacht f (“(act of) gathering wisps (for bedding, nest)”)
  • sopán m, sopóg f (“(little) wisp; little bundle, handful, of straw, etc.; torch (of straw, bog-deal)”)
  • sopcheann m (“mophead”)
  • sop de dhuine (“wispy person; unkempt person”)
  • sop reaca (“vintner’s bush”)
  • sop siúirdín, sop siúirlín (“twisted wisp of straw as light for pipe”)
  • sop srathrach (“straddle-mat”)
  • tuidín soip (“trumpery thing”)

Verb

sop (present analytic sopann, future analytic sopfaidh, verbal noun sopadh, past participle soptha)

  1. (transitive) light with straw

Conjugation
First Conjugation (A)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present sopaim sopann tú;
sopair†		 sopann sé, sí sopaimid sopann sibh sopann siad;
sopaid†		 a shopann; a shopas /
a sopann*; a sopas*		 soptar
past shop mé; shopas shop tú; shopais shop sé, sí shopamar; shop muid shop sibh; shopabhair shop siad; shopadar a shop /
ar shop*		 sopadh
past habitual shopainn / sopainn‡‡ shoptá / soptᇇ shopadh sé, sí / sopadh sé, s퇇 shopaimis; shopadh muid / sopaimis‡‡; sopadh muid‡‡ shopadh sibh / sopadh sibh‡‡ shopaidís; shopadh siad / sopaidís‡‡; sopadh siad‡‡ a shopadh /
a sopadh*		 shoptaí / sopta퇇
future sopfaidh mé;
sopfad		 sopfaidh tú;
sopfair†		 sopfaidh sé, sí sopfaimid;
sopfaidh muid		 sopfaidh sibh sopfaidh siad;
sopfaid†		 a shopfaidh; a shopfas /
a sopfaidh*; a sopfas*		 sopfar
conditional shopfainn / sopfainn‡‡ shopfá / sopfᇇ shopfadh sé, sí / sopfadh sé, s퇇 shopfaimis; shopfadh muid / sopfaimis‡‡; sopfadh muid‡‡ shopfadh sibh / sopfadh sibh‡‡ shopfaidís; shopfadh siad / sopfaidís‡‡; sopfadh siad‡‡ a shopfadh /
a sopfadh*		 shopfaí / sopfa퇇
subjunctive present go sopa mé;
go sopad†		 go sopa tú;
go sopair†		 go sopa sé, sí go sopaimid;
go sopa muid		 go sopa sibh go sopa siad;
go sopaid†		 — go soptar
past dá sopainn dá soptá dá sopadh sé, sí dá sopaimis;
dá sopadh muid		 dá sopadh sibh dá sopaidís;
dá sopadh siad		 — dá soptaí
imperative sopaim sop sopadh sé, sí sopaimis sopaigí;
sopaidh†		 sopaidís — soptar
verbal noun sopadh
past participle soptha

* Indirect relative
† Archaic or dialect form
‡‡ Dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Mutation
Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
sop shop
after an, tsop		 not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading
  • "sop" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
  • Entries containing “sop” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
  • Entries containing “sop” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English soap.

Noun

sop

  1. cleaner
    sop bilong tit ― toothpaste

West Frisian

Etymology

Noun

sop n (plural soppen, diminutive sopke)

  1. juice
  2. soup

Derived terms

Further reading
  • “sop”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011

West Uvean

Etymology

From English soap.

Noun

sop

  1. soap

References
  • Claire Moyse-Faurie, Borrowings from Romance languages in Oceanic languages, in Aspects of Language Contact (2008, →ISBN
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