servio
Latin
Etymology
From servus (“slave, servant”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈser.wi.oː/, [ˈsɛr.wi.oː]
Verb
serviō (present infinitive servīre, perfect active servīvī or serviī, supine servītum); fourth conjugation, impersonal in the passive
- (with dative) I am a slave to; I serve
- Seneca Minor, Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium, Epistula XCII
- Nemo liber est qui corpori servit.
- No one is free who is a slave to his body.
- Nemo liber est qui corpori servit.
- Seneca Minor, Epistulae Morales ad Lucilium, Epistula XCII
- (with dative) I am devoted to, subject to
Conjugation
The only passive forms found for this verb are third-person singular.
| Conjugation of serviō (fourth conjugation, impersonal in passive) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | serviō | servīs | servit | servīmus | servītis | serviunt |
| imperfect | serviēbam, servībam | serviēbās, servībās | serviēbat, servībat | serviēbāmus, servībāmus | serviēbātis, servībātis | serviēbant, servībant | |
| future | serviam, servībō | serviēs, servībis | serviet, servībit | serviēmus, servībimus | serviētis, servībitis | servient, servībunt | |
| perfect | servīvī, serviī | servīvistī, servīstī, serviistī | servīvit, servīt, serviit | servīvimus, servīmus, serviimus | servīvistis, servīstis, serviistis | servīvērunt, servērunt, servīvēre, servēre, serviērunt, serviēre | |
| pluperfect | servīveram, servīram, servieram | servīverās, servīrās, servierās | servīverat, servīrat, servierat | servīverāmus, servīrāmus, servierāmus | servīverātis, servīrātis, servierātis | servīverant, servīrant, servierant | |
| future perfect | servīverō, servīrō, servierō | servīveris, servīris, servieris | servīverit, servīrit, servierit | servīverimus, servīrimus, servierimus | servīveritis, servīritis, servieritis | servīverint, servīrint, servierint | |
| passive | present | — | — | servītur | — | — | — |
| imperfect | — | — | serviēbātur | — | — | — | |
| future | — | — | serviētur | — | — | — | |
| perfect | — | — | servītum est | — | — | — | |
| pluperfect | — | — | servītum erat | — | — | — | |
| future perfect | — | — | servītum erit | — | — | — | |
| subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | serviam | serviās | serviat | serviāmus | serviātis | serviant |
| imperfect | servīrem | servīrēs | servīret | servīrēmus | servīrētis | servīrent | |
| perfect | servīverim, servīrim, servierim | servīverīs, servīrīs, servierīs | servīverit, servīrit, servierit | servīverīmus, servīrīmus, servierīmus | servīverītis, servīrītis, servierītis | servīverint, servīrint, servierint | |
| pluperfect | servīvissem, servīssem, serviissem | servīvissēs, servīssēs, serviissēs | servīvisset, servīsset, serviisset | servīvissēmus, servīssēmus, serviissēmus | servīvissētis, servīssētis, serviissētis | servīvissent, servīssent, serviissent | |
| passive | present | — | — | serviātur | — | — | — |
| imperfect | — | — | servīrētur | — | — | — | |
| perfect | — | — | servītum sit | — | — | — | |
| pluperfect | — | — | servītum esset, servītum foret | — | — | — | |
| imperative | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| active | present | — | servī | — | — | servīte | — |
| future | — | servītō | servītō | — | servītōte | serviuntō | |
| non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
| present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
| infinitives | servīre | servīvisse, servīsse, serviisse | servītūrum esse | servīrī | servītum esse | — | |
| participles | serviēns | — | servītūrus | — | servītum | serviendum, serviundum | |
| verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
| genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
| serviendī | serviendō | serviendum | serviendō | servītum | servītū | ||
Related terms
Descendants
See also
References
- servio in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- servio in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- servio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
- Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to accommodate oneself to circumstances: tempori servire, cedere
- to look after, guard a person's interests, welfare: commodis alicuius servire
- to have regard for one's good name: famae servire, consulere
- to be the slave of one's desires: cupiditatibus servire, pārēre
- to be careful of one's dignity: dignitati suae servire, consulere
- (ambiguous) to examine slaves by torture: de servis quaerere (in dominum)
- to accommodate oneself to circumstances: tempori servire, cedere
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