seisma
Estonian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *saistak, from Proto-Uralic *sańśa-. Finnic cognates include Finnish seistä and Võro saisma/saistaq.
Verb
seisma (da-infinitive seista)
Conjugation
Inflection of seisma (ÕS type 32/seisma, no gradation)
| indicative | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present | perfect | ||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative |
| 1st sing. | seisan | ei seisa | 1st sing. | olen seisnud | ei ole seisnud pole seisnud |
| 2nd sing. | seisad | 2nd sing. | oled seisnud | ||
| 3rd sing. | seisab | 3rd sing. | on seisnud | ||
| 1st plur. | seisame | 1st plur. | oleme seisnud | ||
| 2nd plur. | seisate | 2nd plur. | olete seisnud | ||
| 3rd plur. | seisavad | 3rd plur. | on seisnud | ||
| passive | seistakse | ei seista | passive | on seistud | ei ole seistud pole seistud |
| past | pluperfect | ||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative |
| 1st sing. | seisin | ei seisnud | 1st sing. | olin seisnud | ei olnud seisnud polnud seisnud |
| 2nd sing. | seisid | 2nd sing. | olid seisnud | ||
| 3rd sing. | seisis | 3rd sing. | oli seisnud | ||
| 1st plur. | seisime | 1st plur. | olime seisnud | ||
| 2nd plur. | seisite | 2nd plur. | olite seisnud | ||
| 3rd plur. | seisid | 3rd plur. | oli seisnud | ||
| passive | seisti | ei seistud | passive | oli seistud | ei olnud seistud polnud seistud |
| conditional | |||||
| present | perfect | ||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative |
| 1st sing. | seisaksin | ei seisaks | 1st sing. | oleksin seisnud | ei oleks seisnud poleks seisnud |
| 2nd sing. | seisaksid | 2nd sing. | oleksid seisnud | ||
| 3rd sing. | seisaks | 3rd sing. | oleks seisnud | ||
| 1st plur. | seisaksime | 1st plur. | oleksime seisnud | ||
| 2nd plur. | seisaksite | 2nd plur. | oleksite seisnud | ||
| 3rd plur. | seisaksid | 3rd plur. | oleksid seisnud | ||
| passive | seistaks | ei seistaks | passive | oleks seistud | ei oleks seistud poleks seistud |
| imperative | |||||
| present | perfect | ||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative |
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — |
| 2nd sing. | seisa | ära seisa | 2nd sing. | — | — |
| 3rd sing. | seisku | ärgu seisku | 3rd sing. | olgu seisnud | ärgu olgu seisnud |
| 1st plur. | seiskem | ärgem seiskem | 1st plur. | — | — |
| 2nd plur. | seiske | ärge seiske | 2nd plur. | — | — |
| 3rd plur. | seisku | ärgu seisku | 3rd plur. | olgu seisnud | ärgu olgu seisnud |
| passive | seistagu | ärgu seistagu | passive | olgu seistud | ärgu olgu seistud |
| quotative | |||||
| present | perfect | ||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative |
| active | seisvat | ei seisvat | active | olevat seisnud | ei olevat seisnud polevat seisnud |
| passive | seistavat | ei seistavat | passive | olevat seistud | ei olevat seistud polevat seistud |
| Nominal forms | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ma-infinitive | da-infinitive | ||||||||
| active | passive | da-form | seista | ||||||
| nominative | seisma | seistama | des-form | seistes | |||||
| inessive | seismas | — | participle | ||||||
| elative | seismast | — | active | passive | |||||
| translative | seismaks | — | present | seisev | seistav | ||||
| abessive | seismata | — | past | seisnud | seistud | ||||
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