rincer
French
Etymology
From Middle French rincer (“to rinse”), from Old Northern French raïncer, raïncier (“to rinse, cleanse”), from Old Norse hreinsa (“to rinse, clean out”), from Proto-Germanic *hrainisōną (“to clean, purify”), from Proto-Indo-European *krey- (“to separate, divide”). Cognate with Danish rense (“to purify”), Norwegian rense (“to cleanse”), Swedish rensa (“to purge, clear, wipe clean”), Old High German reinisōn (“to clean, purify, atone”), Old Norse hreinn (“clean, pure”). More at riddle.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʁɛ̃.se/
audio (file)
Verb
rincer
- to rinse.
- (slang) drink a lot of alchool.
- Il est complétement rincé.
- He is totally drunk.
Conjugation
This verb is part of a group of -er verbs for which ‘c’ is softened to a ‘ç’ before the vowels ‘a’ and ‘o’.
Conjugation of rincer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| present participle | rinçant /ʁɛ̃.sɑ̃/ | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| past participle | rincé /ʁɛ̃.se/ | ||||||
| infinitive | |||||||
| simple | rincer | ||||||
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| gerund1 | |||||||
| simple | rinçant /ʁɛ̃.sɑ̃/ | ||||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | rince /ʁɛ̃s/ |
rinces /ʁɛ̃s/ |
rince /ʁɛ̃s/ |
rinçons /ʁɛ̃.sɔ̃/ |
rincez /ʁɛ̃.se/ |
rincent /ʁɛ̃s/ |
| imperfect | rinçais /ʁɛ̃.sɛ/ |
rinçais /ʁɛ̃.sɛ/ |
rinçait /ʁɛ̃.sɛ/ |
rincions /ʁɛ̃.sjɔ̃/ |
rinciez /ʁɛ̃.sje/ |
rinçaient /ʁɛ̃.sɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | rinçai /ʁɛ̃.se/ |
rinças /ʁɛ̃.sa/ |
rinça /ʁɛ̃.sa/ |
rinçâmes /ʁɛ̃.sam/ |
rinçâtes /ʁɛ̃.sat/ |
rincèrent /ʁɛ̃.sɛʁ/ | |
| future | rincerai /ʁɛ̃.sʁe/ |
rinceras /ʁɛ̃.sʁa/ |
rincera /ʁɛ̃.sʁa/ |
rincerons /ʁɛ̃.sʁɔ̃/ |
rincerez /ʁɛ̃.sʁe/ |
rinceront /ʁɛ̃.sʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | rincerais /ʁɛ̃.sʁɛ/ |
rincerais /ʁɛ̃.sʁɛ/ |
rincerait /ʁɛ̃.sʁɛ/ |
rincerions /ʁɛ̃.sə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
rinceriez /ʁɛ̃.sə.ʁje/ |
rinceraient /ʁɛ̃.sʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | rince /ʁɛ̃s/ |
rinces /ʁɛ̃s/ |
rince /ʁɛ̃s/ |
rincions /ʁɛ̃.sjɔ̃/ |
rinciez /ʁɛ̃.sje/ |
rincent /ʁɛ̃s/ |
| imperfect2 | rinçasse /ʁɛ̃.sas/ |
rinçasses /ʁɛ̃.sas/ |
rinçât /ʁɛ̃.sa/ |
rinçassions /ʁɛ̃.sa.sjɔ̃/ |
rinçassiez /ʁɛ̃.sa.sje/ |
rinçassent /ʁɛ̃.sas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | rince /ʁɛ̃s/ |
— | rinçons /ʁɛ̃.sɔ̃/ |
rincez /ʁɛ̃.se/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 Only usable with preposition en. | |||||||
| 2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
Further reading
- “rincer” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
Middle French
Alternative forms
- rinser, rincier
Etymology
Old French, see above.
Verb
rincer
- to rinse (wash briefly with water)
- 1581, Nicolas Froumenteau, Cabinet du Roy de France, dans lequel il y a trois perles préciouses d'inestimable valeur, page 112
- & que le calice qu'on leur donnoit à boire, n'est que pour leur rincer la bouche
- The chalice they were given to drink was only for them to rinse their mouths
- & que le calice qu'on leur donnoit à boire, n'est que pour leur rincer la bouche
- 1581, Nicolas Froumenteau, Cabinet du Roy de France, dans lequel il y a trois perles préciouses d'inestimable valeur, page 112
Conjugation
- As parler except c becomes ç before a and o. May remain c in older manuscripts.
- Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
Conjugation of rincer
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | rincer | avoir rincé | |||||
| gerund | en rinçant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | rinçant | ||||||
| past participle | rincé | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ie (may be i' before a vowel) | tu | il | nous | vous | ilz, elles | |
| simple tenses |
present | rince | rinces | rince | rinçons | rincez | rincent |
| imperfect | rinçois, rinçoys | rinçois, rinçoys | rinçoit, rinçoyt | rincions, rinçons | rinciez, rincyez | rinçoient, rinçoyent | |
| past historic | rinça | rinças | rinça | rinçasmes | rinçastes | rincerent | |
| future | rincerai, rinceray | rinceras | rincera | rincerons | rincerez | rinceront | |
| conditional | rincerois, rinceroys | rincerois, rinceroys | rinceroit, rinceroyt | rincerions, rinceryons | rinceriez, rinceryez | rinceroient, rinceroyent | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the past historic tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ie | que tu | qu'il | que nous | que vous | qu'ilz, qu'elles | |
| simple tenses |
present | rince | rinces | rince | rinçons | rincez | rincent |
| imperfect | rinçasse | rinçasses | rinçast | rinçassions | rinçassiez | rinçassent | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nous | vous | – | |
| — | rince | — | rinçons | rincez | — | ||
Old French
Alternative forms
- rinser, reinser, raïncer
Etymology
From Vulgar Latin rainsāre, from Frankish *hrainisōn (“to clean, rinse”).
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-c, *-cs, *-ct are modified to z, z, zt. In addition, c becomes ç before an a, o or u to keep the /ts/ sound intact. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of rincer (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | rincer | avoir rincé | |||||
| gerund | en rinçant | Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| present participle | rinçant | ||||||
| past participle | rincé | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses |
present | rinz | rinces | rince | rinçons | rincez | rincent |
| imperfect | rinçoie, rinceie, rinçoe, rinceve | rinçoies, rinceies, rinçoes, rinceves | rinçoit, rinceit, rinçot, rinceve | rinciiens, rinciens | rinciiez, rinciez | rinçoient, rinceient, rinçoent, rincevent | |
| preterite | rinçai | rinças | rinça | rinçames | rinçastes | rincerent | |
| future | rincerai | rinceras | rincera | rincerons | rinceroiz, rincereiz, rincerez | rinceront | |
| conditional | rinceroie, rincereie | rinceroies, rincereies | rinceroit, rincereit | rinceriiens, rinceriens | rinceriiez, rinceriez | rinceroient, rincereient | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses |
present | rinz | rinz | rinzt | rinçons | rincez | rincent |
| imperfect | rinçasse | rinçasses | rinçast | rincissons, rincissiens | rincissoiz, rincissez, rincissiez | rinçassent | |
| compound tenses |
past | Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | rince | — | rinçons | rincez | — | ||
Descendants
- Middle French: rincer, rinser, rincier
- French: rincer
- Middle French: rainchier (“to beat, thrash”)
- Norman: rinchi (Jersiais)
- Picard: rinceu (Athois), rincher (Ch'ti)
- → Middle English: rynsen, ryncen, rynschen (“to rinse”) (merger with similar forms from Old Norse hreinsa)
- → Middle English: ranshen (“to rinse with oil, to grease”)
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