jqr

Egyptian

Etymology

From Proto-Afro-Asiatic *waqar-; compare Hebrew יָקָר‎ (yāqār, “expensive, precious”).

Pronunciation

Verb

 3-lit.

  1. (intransitive) to be(come) excellent or worthy
  2. (intransitive) to be(come) reliable or trustworthy

Inflection
Conjugation of jqr (triliteral / 3-lit. / 3rad.) — base stem: jqr, geminated stem: jqrr
infinitival forms imperative
infinitive negatival complement complementary infinitive1 singular plural
jqr
 jqrw, jqr
 jqrt
 jqr
 jqr
‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem periphrastic imperfective2 periphrastic prospective2
jqr
 ḥr jqr
 m jqr
 r jqr
suffix conjugation
aspect / mood active contingent
aspect / mood active
perfect jqr.n
 consecutive jqr.jn
terminative jqrt
perfective3 jqr
 obligative jqr.ḫr
imperfective jqr
prospective3 jqr
 potentialis jqr.kꜣ
subjunctive jqr
verbal adjectives
aspect / mood relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms participles
active active passive
perfect jqr.n
 — —
perfective jqr
 jqr
 jqr, jqrw5, jqry5
imperfective jqr, jqry, jqrw5
 jqr, jqrj6, jqry6
 jqr, jqrw5
prospective jqr, jqrtj7
 jqrtj4, jqrt4
  1. Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
  2. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
  3. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
  4. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, plural .sn.
  5. Only in the masculine singular.
  6. Only in the masculine.
  7. Only in the feminine.

Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of jqr  

jqr jq

Adjective

  1. excellent, worthy
    • Stela of Hekaib, Rijksmuseum van Oudheden, AP 78:



      jnk nḏs jqr ḏd m r(ꜣ).f
      I was an excellent individual, one who spoke with his own mouth.
  2. reliable, trustworthy, dependable

Inflection
Declension of jqr (perfective active participle)
masculine feminine
singular jqr
 jqrt
dual jqrwj
 jqrtj
plural jqrw
 jqrwt1, jqrt2
  1. Archaic in Middle Egyptian when modifying a noun.
  2. From Middle Egyptian, this feminine singular form was generally used for the plural.
    In Late Egyptian, the masculine singular form was used with all nouns.

Alternative forms

See under the verb above.

Derived terms

References
  • James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 293.
  • Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 54
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