ithid
Irish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈɪhɪdʲ/
Mutation
| Irish mutation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Radical | Eclipsis | with h-prothesis | with t-prothesis |
| ithid | n-ithid | hithid | not applicable |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |||
Old Irish
Etymology
From Proto-Celtic *ɸiteti, from Proto-Indo-European *peyt-; the future stem is from *ɸiɸitsāti. Cognate with Old Church Slavonic питѣти (pitěti, “nourish”) and Sanskrit पितु (pitú, “food”).
The perfect forms are from dí- + fo- + Proto-Celtic *āde, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁e-h₁od-e; and the subjunctive forms are from Proto-Celtic *ess-, s-subjunctive stem of *ed-.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈiθʲiðʲ/
Verb
ithid (verbal noun ithe)
- to eat
- c. 875, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 102a15
- Itius anúas ⁊ dus·claid anís; air ní foircnea in fíni hithe neich di anúas, amal du·ngní int aīs sechmaill as·mbeir-som .i. air is cuit adaill ad·n-ellat-sidi in fíni du thabairt neich doib dia thorud.
- They eat it from above and he roots it up from below; for it does not exterminate the vine to eat of anything of it from above, as do the passers-by whom he speaks of, i.e. for it is only a passing visit that they make [lit: ‘that they visit’] to the vine to take something for themselves of its fruit.
- c. 875, Milan Glosses on the Psalms, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 7–483, Ml. 102a15
Conjugation
Simple, class B I present, s future, s subjunctive, s-/reduplicated perfect
| 1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. | Passive pl. | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Present indicative | Abs. | ithim | ithid | ithit, ethait itius (with suffixed pronoun -us) |
ethair | ||||
| Conj. | ·ethat | ||||||||
| Rel. | ithes | ||||||||
| Imperfect indicative | ·ithed, ·ethad | ·ithitis, ·ittis | |||||||
| Preterite | Abs. | ||||||||
| Conj. | |||||||||
| Rel. | |||||||||
| Perfect | Deut. | do·fúaid | |||||||
| Prot. | ·dúadus | ·dóid, ·dúaid | ·dóes | ||||||
| Future | Abs. | íssaid | |||||||
| Conj. | ·íss | ·íssae | ·íssat | ||||||
| Rel. | ístae | ||||||||
| Conditional | ·íssainn | ·íssad | ·ístais | ||||||
| Present subjunctive | Abs. | do·essur (perfective) | estir do·estar (perfective) |
||||||
| Conj. | ·essur ·dóesur (perfective) |
·estar | ·essamar ·dessamar (perfective) |
·essatar | |||||
| Rel. | |||||||||
| Past subjunctive | ·esta | ·essad | ·estais | ||||||
| Imperative | ith | ithed | etham | ethat | |||||
| Verbal noun | ithe | ||||||||
| Past participle | eisib (dative plural) | ||||||||
| Verbal of necessity | — | ||||||||
Mutation
| Old Irish mutation | ||
|---|---|---|
| Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
| ithid | unchanged | n-ithid |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | ||
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