grian

See also: grían and grian-

Bavarian

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old High German gruoni, from Proto-Germanic *grōniz. Cognate with German grün, Dutch groen, English green, Icelandic grænn.

Adjective

grian

  1. (Timau) green

References
  • “grian” in Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Ünsarne Börtar [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

Irish

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ɟɾʲiənˠ/

Etymology 1

From Old Irish grían (“sun”), from Proto-Celtic *grēnā.

an ghrian

Noun

grian f (genitive singular gréine, nominative plural grianta)

  1. (the) sun
  2. (figuratively) paragon
Declension
Declension of grian

Second declension

Bare forms

Case Singular Plural
Nominative grian grianta
Vocative a ghrian a ghrianta
Genitive gréine grianta
Dative grian
gréin (in certain phrases)		 grianta

Forms with the definite article

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an ghrian na grianta
Genitive na gréine na ngrianta
Dative leis an ngrian

don ghrian

 leis na grianta

Archaic weak plural forms:

Derived terms

Verb

grian (present analytic grianann, future analytic grianfaidh, verbal noun grianadh, past participle grianta)

  1. (transitive) to sun (expose to the warmth and radiation of the sun)
  2. (transitive, photography) to solarize (subject to solarization)
Conjugation
First Conjugation (A)
singular plural relative autonomous
first second third first second third
indicative present grianaim grianann tú;
grianair†		 grianann sé, sí grianaimid grianann sibh grianann siad;
grianaid†		 a ghrianann; a ghrianas /
a ngrianann*; a ngrianas*		 griantar
past ghrian mé; ghrianas ghrian tú; ghrianais ghrian sé, sí ghrianamar; ghrian muid ghrian sibh; ghrianabhair ghrian siad; ghrianadar a ghrian /
ar ghrian*		 grianadh
past habitual ghrianainn ghriantá ghrianadh sé, sí ghrianaimis; ghrianadh muid ghrianadh sibh ghrianaidís; ghrianadh siad a ghrianadh /
ar ghrianadh*		 ghriantaí
future grianfaidh mé;
grianfad		 grianfaidh tú;
grianfair†		 grianfaidh sé, sí grianfaimid;
grianfaidh muid		 grianfaidh sibh grianfaidh siad;
grianfaid†		 a ghrianfaidh; a ghrianfas /
a ngrianfaidh*; a ngrianfas*		 grianfar
conditional ghrianfainn / ngrianfainn‡‡ ghrianfá / ngrianfᇇ ghrianfadh sé, sí / ngrianfadh sé, s퇇 ghrianfaimis; ghrianfadh muid / ngrianfaimis‡‡; ngrianfadh muid‡‡ ghrianfadh sibh / ngrianfadh sibh‡‡ ghrianfaidís; ghrianfadh siad / ngrianfaidís‡‡; ngrianfadh siad‡‡ a ghrianfadh /
ar ghrianfadh*		 ghrianfaí / ngrianfa퇇
subjunctive present go ngriana mé;
go ngrianad†		 go ngriana tú;
go ngrianair†		 go ngriana sé, sí go ngrianaimid;
go ngriana muid		 go ngriana sibh go ngriana siad;
go ngrianaid†		 — go ngriantar
past dá ngrianainn dá ngriantá dá ngrianadh sé, sí dá ngrianaimis;
dá ngrianadh muid		 dá ngrianadh sibh dá ngrianaidís;
dá ngrianadh siad		 — dá ngriantaí
imperative grianaim grian grianadh sé, sí grianaimis grianaigí;
grianaidh†		 grianaidís — griantar
verbal noun grianadh
past participle grianta

* Indirect relative
† Archaic or dialect form
‡‡ Dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Etymology 2

From Old Irish grïan.

Noun

grian m (genitive singular griain)

  1. Alternative form of grean (“gravel, grit; coarse sand”)
  2. (of sea, lake, river) bottom
  3. earth, ground, land
  4. surface

Mutation
Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
grian ghrian ngrian
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading
  • "grian" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
  • “grían” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
  • “grian” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.

Manx

Etymology

From Old Irish grían (“sun”), from Proto-Celtic *grēnā.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ɡriːn/, [ɡriᵈn]

Noun

grian f (genitive singular greiney, plural grianyn)

  1. sun
    Plaasyn prinsoil glistral myr whilleen grian. ― Princely palaces shining like so many suns.
    Ta'n ghrian yial er chooilleen e jurnaa. ― The bright sun has finished her journey.
  2. sunlight
  3. sunshine

Synonyms

Derived terms

Mutation
Manx mutation
RadicalLenitionEclipsis
grianghrianngrian
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References
  • “grían” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.

Old Irish

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈɡʲrʲi.an/

Noun

grïan (gender unknown)

  1. gravel
  2. sand
  3. bottom (of river)
  4. floor (of sea)

Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Mutation
Old Irish mutation
RadicalLenitionNasalization
grian grian
pronounced with /ɣ(ʲ)-/		 ngrian
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References
  • “grian” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish grían (“sun”), from Proto-Celtic *grēnā.

Noun

grian f (genitive singular grèine, plural grianan)

  1. sun

Derived terms

Mutation
Scottish Gaelic mutation
RadicalLenition
grianghrian
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References
  • “grían” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
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