estoper

Old French

Alternative forms

Verb

estoper

  1. to stop up, block, plug
  2. to stiffen, thicken

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-ps, *-pt are modified to s, t. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of estoper (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
simple compound
infinitive estoper avoir estopé
gerund en estopant Use the gerund of avoir followed by the past participle
present participle estopant
past participle estopé
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu il nos vos il
simple
tenses		 present estop estopes estope estopons estopez estopent
imperfect estopoie, estopeie, estopoe, estopeve estopoies, estopeies, estopoes, estopeves estopoit, estopeit, estopot, estopeve estopiiens, estopiens estopiiez, estopiez estopoient, estopeient, estopoent, estopevent
preterite estopai estopas estopa estopames estopastes estoperent
future estoperai estoperas estopera estoperons estoperoiz, estopereiz, estoperez estoperont
conditional estoperoie, estopereie estoperoies, estopereies estoperoit, estopereit estoperiiens, estoperiens estoperiiez, estoperiez estoperoient, estopereient
compound
tenses		 present perfect Use the present tense of avoir followed by the past participle
pluperfect Use the imperfect tense of avoir followed by the past participle
past anterior Use the preterite tense of avoir followed by the past participle
future perfect Use the future tense of avoir followed by the past participle
conditional perfect Use the conditional tense of avoir followed by the past participle
subjunctive que jo que tu qu’il que nos que vos qu’il
simple
tenses		 present estop estos estot estopons estopez estopent
imperfect estopasse estopasses estopast estopissons, estopissiens estopissoiz, estopissez, estopissiez estopassent
compound
tenses		 past Use the present subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
pluperfect Use the imperfect subjunctive of avoir followed by the past participle
imperative – tu – nos vos –
— estope — estopons estopez —

Descendants
  • Middle French: estouper, estoupper, estoper
  • ⇒ Old French: estopaille, estoupaille, estoupaile
    • Middle French: estoupail, estouppal
      • French: étoupail (dialectal)
    • → Middle English: stoupaille, stoppaile
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