ehla
Swazi
Etymology
From Proto-Nguni *-ehla, from Proto-Bantu *-jìka.
Inflection
This entry needs an inflection-table template.
Zulu
Etymology
From Proto-Nguni *-ehla, from Proto-Bantu *-jìka.
Inflection
Tone L | |||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | ukwehla | ||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
Infinitive | ukwehla | ukungehli | |||||||
Imperative | |||||||||
Simple | + object concord | ||||||||
Singular | yehla | -ehle | |||||||
Plural | yehlani | -ehleni | |||||||
Present | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyehla, ngehla | engehlayo, engehla | ngehla | angehli | engingehli | ngingehli | |||
2nd singular | uyehla, wehla | owehlayo, owehla | wehla | awehli | ongehli | ungehli | |||
1st plural | siyehla, sehla | esehlayo, esehla | sehla | asehli | esingehli | singehli | |||
2nd plural | niyehla, nehla | enehlayo, enehla | nehla | anehli | eningehli | ningehli | |||
Class 1 | uyehla, wehla | owehlayo, owehla | ehla | akehli | ongehli | engehli | |||
Class 2 | bayehla, behla | abehlayo, abehla | behla | abehli | abangehli | bengehli | |||
Class 3 | uyehla, wehla | owehlayo, owehla | wehla | awehli | ongehli | ungehli | |||
Class 4 | iyehla, yehla | eyehlayo, eyehla | yehla | ayehli | engehli | ingehli | |||
Class 5 | liyehla, lehla | elehlayo, elehla | lehla | alehli | elingehli | lingehli | |||
Class 6 | ayehla, ehla | ehlayo, ehla | ehla | awehli | angehli | engehli | |||
Class 7 | siyehla, sehla | esehlayo, esehla | sehla | asehli | esingehli | singehli | |||
Class 8 | ziyehla, zehla | ezehlayo, ezehla | zehla | azehli | ezingehli | zingehli | |||
Class 9 | iyehla, yehla | eyehlayo, eyehla | yehla | ayehli | engehli | ingehli | |||
Class 10 | ziyehla, zehla | ezehlayo, ezehla | zehla | azehli | ezingehli | zingehli | |||
Class 11 | luyehla, lwehla | olwehlayo, olwehla | lwehla | alwehli | olungehli | lungehli | |||
Class 14 | buyehla, behla | obehlayo, obehla | behla | abehli | obungehli | bungehli | |||
Class 15 | kuyehla, kwehla | okwehlayo, okwehla | kwehla | akwehli | okungehli | kungehli | |||
Class 17 | kuyehla, kwehla | okwehlayo, okwehla | kwehla | akwehli | okungehli | kungehli | |||
Recent past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngehlile, ngehlē | engehlile, engehlē | ngehlile, ngehlē | angehlanga | engingehlanga | ngingehlanga | |||
2nd singular | wehlile, wehlē | owehlile, owehlē | wehlile, wehlē | awehlanga | ongehlanga | ungehlanga | |||
1st plural | sehlile, sehlē | esehlile, esehlē | sehlile, sehlē | asehlanga | esingehlanga | singehlanga | |||
2nd plural | nehlile, nehlē | enehlile, enehlē | nehlile, nehlē | anehlanga | eningehlanga | ningehlanga | |||
Class 1 | wehlile, wehlē | owehlile, owehlē | ehlile, ehlē | akehlanga | ongehlanga | engehlanga | |||
Class 2 | behlile, behlē | abehlile, abehlē | behlile, behlē | abehlanga | abangehlanga | bengehlanga | |||
Class 3 | wehlile, wehlē | owehlile, owehlē | wehlile, wehlē | awehlanga | ongehlanga | ungehlanga | |||
Class 4 | yehlile, yehlē | eyehlile, eyehlē | yehlile, yehlē | ayehlanga | engehlanga | ingehlanga | |||
Class 5 | lehlile, lehlē | elehlile, elehlē | lehlile, lehlē | alehlanga | elingehlanga | lingehlanga | |||
Class 6 | ehlile, ehlē | ehlile, ehlē | ehlile, ehlē | awehlanga | angehlanga | engehlanga | |||
Class 7 | sehlile, sehlē | esehlile, esehlē | sehlile, sehlē | asehlanga | esingehlanga | singehlanga | |||
Class 8 | zehlile, zehlē | ezehlile, ezehlē | zehlile, zehlē | azehlanga | ezingehlanga | zingehlanga | |||
Class 9 | yehlile, yehlē | eyehlile, eyehlē | yehlile, yehlē | ayehlanga | engehlanga | ingehlanga | |||
Class 10 | zehlile, zehlē | ezehlile, ezehlē | zehlile, zehlē | azehlanga | ezingehlanga | zingehlanga | |||
Class 11 | lwehlile, lwehlē | olwehlile, olwehlē | lwehlile, lwehlē | alwehlanga | olungehlanga | lungehlanga | |||
Class 14 | behlile, behlē | obehlile, obehlē | behlile, behlē | abehlanga | obungehlanga | bungehlanga | |||
Class 15 | kwehlile, kwehlē | okwehlile, okwehlē | kwehlile, kwehlē | akwehlanga | okungehlanga | kungehlanga | |||
Class 17 | kwehlile, kwehlē | okwehlile, okwehlē | kwehlile, kwehlē | akwehlanga | okungehlanga | kungehlanga | |||
Remote past | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngēhla | engēhla | ngēhla | angehlanga | engingehlanga | ngingehlanga | |||
2nd singular | wēhla | owēhla | wēhla | awehlanga | ongehlanga | ungehlanga | |||
1st plural | sēhla | esēhla | sēhla | asehlanga | esingehlanga | singehlanga | |||
2nd plural | nēhla | enēhla | nēhla | anehlanga | eningehlanga | ningehlanga | |||
Class 1 | wēhla | owēhla | ēhla | akehlanga | ongehlanga | engehlanga | |||
Class 2 | bēhla | abēhla | bēhla | abehlanga | abangehlanga | bengehlanga | |||
Class 3 | wēhla | owēhla | wēhla | awehlanga | ongehlanga | ungehlanga | |||
Class 4 | yēhla | eyēhla | yēhla | ayehlanga | engehlanga | ingehlanga | |||
Class 5 | lēhla | elēhla | lēhla | alehlanga | elingehlanga | lingehlanga | |||
Class 6 | ēhla | ēhla | ēhla | awehlanga | angehlanga | engehlanga | |||
Class 7 | sēhla | esēhla | sēhla | asehlanga | esingehlanga | singehlanga | |||
Class 8 | zēhla | ezēhla | zēhla | azehlanga | ezingehlanga | zingehlanga | |||
Class 9 | yēhla | eyēhla | yēhla | ayehlanga | engehlanga | ingehlanga | |||
Class 10 | zēhla | ezēhla | zēhla | azehlanga | ezingehlanga | zingehlanga | |||
Class 11 | lwēhla | olwēhla | lwēhla | alwehlanga | olungehlanga | lungehlanga | |||
Class 14 | bēhla | obēhla | bēhla | abehlanga | obungehlanga | bungehlanga | |||
Class 15 | kwēhla | okwēhla | kwēhla | akwehlanga | okungehlanga | kungehlanga | |||
Class 17 | kwēhla | okwēhla | kwēhla | akwehlanga | okungehlanga | kungehlanga | |||
Potential | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngingehla | — | ngingehla | ngingehle | — | ngingehle | |||
2nd singular | ungehla | — | ungehla | ungehle | — | ungehle | |||
1st plural | singehla | — | singehla | singehle | — | singehle | |||
2nd plural | ningehla | — | ningehla | ningehle | — | ningehle | |||
Class 1 | angehla | — | engehla | angehle | — | engehle | |||
Class 2 | bangehla | — | bengehla | bangehle | — | bengehle | |||
Class 3 | ungehla | — | ungehla | ungehle | — | ungehle | |||
Class 4 | ingehla | — | ingehla | ingehle | — | ingehle | |||
Class 5 | lingehla | — | lingehla | lingehle | — | lingehle | |||
Class 6 | angehla | — | engehla | angehle | — | engehle | |||
Class 7 | singehla | — | singehla | singehle | — | singehle | |||
Class 8 | zingehla | — | zingehla | zingehle | — | zingehle | |||
Class 9 | ingehla | — | ingehla | ingehle | — | ingehle | |||
Class 10 | zingehla | — | zingehla | zingehle | — | zingehle | |||
Class 11 | lungehla | — | lungehla | lungehle | — | lungehle | |||
Class 14 | bungehla | — | bungehla | bungehle | — | bungehle | |||
Class 15 | kungehla | — | kungehla | kungehle | — | kungehle | |||
Class 17 | kungehla | — | kungehla | kungehle | — | kungehle | |||
Immediate future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngizokwehla | engizokwehla | ngizokwehla | angizukwehla | engingezukwehla | ngingezukwehla | |||
2nd singular | uzokwehla | ozokwehla | uzokwehla | awuzukwehla | ongezukwehla | ungezukwehla | |||
1st plural | sizokwehla | esizokwehla | sizokwehla | asizukwehla | esingezukwehla | singezukwehla | |||
2nd plural | nizokwehla | enizokwehla | nizokwehla | anizukwehla | eningezukwehla | ningezukwehla | |||
Class 1 | uzokwehla | ozokwehla | ezokwehla | akazukwehla | ongezukwehla | engezukwehla | |||
Class 2 | bazokwehla | abazokwehla | bezokwehla | abazukwehla | abangezukwehla | bengezukwehla | |||
Class 3 | uzokwehla | ozokwehla | uzokwehla | awuzukwehla | ongezukwehla | ungezukwehla | |||
Class 4 | izokwehla | ezokwehla | izokwehla | ayizukwehla | engezukwehla | ingezukwehla | |||
Class 5 | lizokwehla | elizokwehla | lizokwehla | alizukwehla | elingezukwehla | lingezukwehla | |||
Class 6 | azokwehla | azokwehla | ezokwehla | awazukwehla | angezukwehla | engezukwehla | |||
Class 7 | sizokwehla | esizokwehla | sizokwehla | asizukwehla | esingezukwehla | singezukwehla | |||
Class 8 | zizokwehla | ezizokwehla | zizokwehla | azizukwehla | ezingezukwehla | zingezukwehla | |||
Class 9 | izokwehla | ezokwehla | izokwehla | ayizukwehla | engezukwehla | ingezukwehla | |||
Class 10 | zizokwehla | ezizokwehla | zizokwehla | azizukwehla | ezingezukwehla | zingezukwehla | |||
Class 11 | luzokwehla | oluzokwehla | luzokwehla | aluzukwehla | olungezukwehla | lungezukwehla | |||
Class 14 | buzokwehla | obuzokwehla | buzokwehla | abuzukwehla | obungezukwehla | bungezukwehla | |||
Class 15 | kuzokwehla | okuzokwehla | kuzokwehla | akuzukwehla | okungezukwehla | kungezukwehla | |||
Class 17 | kuzokwehla | okuzokwehla | kuzokwehla | akuzukwehla | okungezukwehla | kungezukwehla | |||
Remote future | |||||||||
Positive absolute | Positive relative | Positive participial | Negative absolute | Negative relative | Negative participial | ||||
1st singular | ngiyokwehla | engiyokwehla | ngiyokwehla | angiyukwehla | engingeyukwehla | ngingeyukwehla | |||
2nd singular | uyokwehla | oyokwehla | uyokwehla | awuyukwehla | ongeyukwehla | ungeyukwehla | |||
1st plural | siyokwehla | esiyokwehla | siyokwehla | asiyukwehla | esingeyukwehla | singeyukwehla | |||
2nd plural | niyokwehla | eniyokwehla | niyokwehla | aniyukwehla | eningeyukwehla | ningeyukwehla | |||
Class 1 | uyokwehla | oyokwehla | eyokwehla | akayukwehla | ongeyukwehla | engeyukwehla | |||
Class 2 | bayokwehla | abayokwehla | beyokwehla | abayukwehla | abangeyukwehla | bengeyukwehla | |||
Class 3 | uyokwehla | oyokwehla | uyokwehla | awuyukwehla | ongeyukwehla | ungeyukwehla | |||
Class 4 | iyokwehla | eyokwehla | iyokwehla | ayiyukwehla | engeyukwehla | ingeyukwehla | |||
Class 5 | liyokwehla | eliyokwehla | liyokwehla | aliyukwehla | elingeyukwehla | lingeyukwehla | |||
Class 6 | ayokwehla | ayokwehla | eyokwehla | awayukwehla | angeyukwehla | engeyukwehla | |||
Class 7 | siyokwehla | esiyokwehla | siyokwehla | asiyukwehla | esingeyukwehla | singeyukwehla | |||
Class 8 | ziyokwehla | eziyokwehla | ziyokwehla | aziyukwehla | ezingeyukwehla | zingeyukwehla | |||
Class 9 | iyokwehla | eyokwehla | iyokwehla | ayiyukwehla | engeyukwehla | ingeyukwehla | |||
Class 10 | ziyokwehla | eziyokwehla | ziyokwehla | aziyukwehla | ezingeyukwehla | zingeyukwehla | |||
Class 11 | luyokwehla | oluyokwehla | luyokwehla | aluyukwehla | olungeyukwehla | lungeyukwehla | |||
Class 14 | buyokwehla | obuyokwehla | buyokwehla | abuyukwehla | obungeyukwehla | bungeyukwehla | |||
Class 15 | kuyokwehla | okuyokwehla | kuyokwehla | akuyukwehla | okungeyukwehla | kungeyukwehla | |||
Class 17 | kuyokwehla | okuyokwehla | kuyokwehla | akuyukwehla | okungeyukwehla | kungeyukwehla | |||
Present subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngehle | ngingehli | |||||||
2nd singular | wehle | ungehli | |||||||
1st plural | sehle | singehli | |||||||
2nd plural | nehle | ningehli | |||||||
Class 1 | ehle | angehli | |||||||
Class 2 | behle | bangehli | |||||||
Class 3 | wehle | ungehli | |||||||
Class 4 | yehle | ingehli | |||||||
Class 5 | lehle | lingehli | |||||||
Class 6 | ehle | angehli | |||||||
Class 7 | sehle | singehli | |||||||
Class 8 | zehle | zingehli | |||||||
Class 9 | yehle | ingehli | |||||||
Class 10 | zehle | zingehli | |||||||
Class 11 | lwehle | lungehli | |||||||
Class 14 | behle | bungehli | |||||||
Class 15 | kwehle | kungehli | |||||||
Class 17 | kwehle | kungehli | |||||||
Past subjunctive | |||||||||
Positive | Negative | ||||||||
1st singular | ngehla | ngangehla, angehla, angangehla | |||||||
2nd singular | wehla | wangehla, awehla, awangehla | |||||||
1st plural | sehla | sangehla, asehla, asangehla | |||||||
2nd plural | nehla | nangehla, anehla, anangehla | |||||||
Class 1 | wehla | wangehla, akehla, akangehla | |||||||
Class 2 | behla | bangehla, abehla, abangehla | |||||||
Class 3 | wehla | wangehla, awehla, awangehla | |||||||
Class 4 | yehla | yangehla, ayehla, ayangehla | |||||||
Class 5 | lehla | langehla, alehla, alangehla | |||||||
Class 6 | ehla | angehla, awehla, awangehla | |||||||
Class 7 | sehla | sangehla, asehla, asangehla | |||||||
Class 8 | zehla | zangehla, azehla, azangehla | |||||||
Class 9 | yehla | yangehla, ayehla, ayangehla | |||||||
Class 10 | zehla | zangehla, azehla, azangehla | |||||||
Class 11 | lwehla | lwangehla, alwehla, alwangehla | |||||||
Class 14 | behla | bangehla, abehla, abangehla | |||||||
Class 15 | kwehla | kwangehla, akwehla, akwangehla | |||||||
Class 17 | kwehla | kwangehla, akwehla, akwangehla |
Derived terms
- -ehlela (applicative)
- -ehlisa (causative)
- -ehlayehla (diminutive)
- -ehlisisa (intensive)
- -ehleka, -ehlakala (neuter-passive)
- -ehliwa (passive)
- -ehlana (reciprocal)
Related terms
References
- C. M. Doke; B. W. Vilakazi (1972), “ehla”, in Zulu-English Dictionary, →ISBN: “ehla (6.3)”
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