dārzs

Latvian

Puķu dārzs (1)
Zirgu dārzs (4)
Mēness dārzs (5)

Etymology

This word has the same origin as zārds (rickstand) (q.v.), from which it originated by metathesis. The different intonation (dārzs has a falling [àː], while zārds has a level [āː]) is probably explained by the change in meaning, and may have preceded the metathesis; cf. the intonation change in Lithuanian žárdas (forked branch, rickstand), žárdis (pole), but žar̃dis (horse, cattle corral; (arch.) garden). The meaning change would then have been: “wooden structure” > “fence” > “fenced area” (cf. below zirgu dārzs “horse corral”, and metaphorically also mēness dārzs “moon ring”) > “garden.” Cognates include Lithuanian dar̃žas.[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [dàːɾs]
(file)

Noun

dārzs m (1st declension)

  1. garden (a piece of land used for growing specific vegetable species, flowers, crops, etc.)
    piemājas dārzsbackyard garden
    skolas dārzsschool garden
    sakņu dārzsvegetable (lit. roots) garden
    augļu dārzsorchard (lit. fruit garden)
    puķu dārzsflower garden
    dārza žogsgarden fence
    dārza zemegarden land
    dārza zāģisgarden saw
    dārza mājagarden cottage (lit. house)
    dārza zemenesgarden strawberries (i.e., not wild)
    uzrakt dārzuto dig up a garden
    ravēt dārzuto weed a garden
    dārzā rindās kā sargi stāvēja ķirši ar tikko kā sarkt sākušiem ogu čemuriemin lines in the garden, like guards, stood the cherry (trees) which had just started to produce red berry clusters
  2. (rare) a place where wild trees grow in bulk
    Žanis Vītols vēl atceras, cik ļoti dēlam patika liepu dārzs, kas bija tepat pie dravasŽanis Vītols still remembers how much (his) son liked the linden garden that was right here by the apiary
  3. garden, park (a planted area with paths for walking)
    pilsētas dārzi un parkia city's gardens and parks
    dārza kafejnīcagarden cafe
    ainavu dārzslandscape garden
    dārzu arhitektūragarden architecture (i.e., the design of gardens and parks)
    Rīgas centrā ir tik daudz parku, kuru dēļ to dēvē par dārzu pilsētuin the center of Riga there are so many parks that because of them they call it (= Riga) the garden city
  4. enclosure for holding animals, corral, pen
    zirgu dārzshorse corral
    koku dārzslimber corral (enclosure in a watercourse for floating timber, felled trees)
    tas nebūs aploks, bet vistu dārzsthat will not be a corral, but (just) a chicken pen
  5. ring of light around the moon or the sun
    kad taisās lietus, tad ap mēnesi var redzēt gaišu riņķi: mēness dārzuwhen it is going to rain, then one can see around the moon a bright ring: the moon's enclosure

Declension

Synonyms

Derived terms

References

  1. Karulis, Konstantīns. 1992, 2001. Latviešu etimoloģijas vārdnīca. Rīga: AVOTS. →ISBN.
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