doleo

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *doleō (“hurt, cause pain”), from Proto-Indo-European *dolh₁éyeti (“divide”), from *delh₁- (“cut”). The sense development is thus assumed to be that "divide" came to mean "divide someone into pieces, hurt". Compare dolō (“hew, fashion, devise”).

Pronunciation
  • (Classical) IPA(key): /ˈdo.le.oː/, [ˈdɔ.ɫe.oː]

Verb

doleō (present infinitive dolēre, perfect active doluī, supine dolitum); second conjugation, no passive

  1. I hurt, suffer (physical pain)
  2. I grieve for, lament, deplore
    • Bernard of Clairvaux
      Vulgo dicitur: quod non videt oculus, cor non dolet
      It is commonly said: What the eye does not see, the heart does not grieve.

Inflection
   Conjugation of doleo (second conjugation, active only)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present doleō dolēs dolet dolēmus dolētis dolent
imperfect dolēbam dolēbās dolēbat dolēbāmus dolēbātis dolēbant
future dolēbō dolēbis dolēbit dolēbimus dolēbitis dolēbunt
perfect doluī doluistī doluit doluimus doluistis doluērunt, doluēre
pluperfect dolueram doluerās doluerat doluerāmus doluerātis doluerant
future perfect doluerō dolueris doluerit doluerimus dolueritis doluerint
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present doleam doleās doleat doleāmus doleātis doleant
imperfect dolērem dolērēs dolēret dolērēmus dolērētis dolērent
perfect doluerim doluerīs doluerit doluerimus dolueritis doluerint
pluperfect doluissem doluissēs doluisset doluissēmus doluissētis doluissent
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — dolē — — dolēte —
future — dolētō dolētō — dolētōte dolentō
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives dolēre doluisse dolitūrus esse — — —
participles dolēns — dolitūrus — — —
verbal nouns gerund supine
nominative genitive dative/ablative accusative accusative ablative
dolēre dolendī dolendō dolendum dolitum dolitū

Derived terms

Descendants
  • Old French: doloir
  • Portuguese: doer
  • Romanian: durea, durere
  • Romansch: dulair, dular, duler, duleir, dolair
  • Sardinian: dòlere, doli, dòliri
  • Sicilian: dòliri
  • Spanish: doler
  • Venetian: dolér, giolér, giołér

References
  • doleo in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • doleo in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • doleo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
  • Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • I am pained, vexed, sorry: doleo aliquid, aliqua re, de and ex aliqua re
    • I am sorry for you: tuam vicem doleo
  • De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, page 176
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