cải

See also: Appendix:Variations of "cai"

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

(Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [kaːj˧˩]
(Huế) IPA^(key): [kaːj˧˨]
(Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [kaːj˨˩˦]

Etymology 1

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 芥 (“mustard”; SV: giới). From Proto-Vietic *kaːs; cognates include Muong cái and Thavung kajh¹.

Noun

(classifier củ) cải

(Vietnamese cuisine, botany) The cruciferous vegetables (Brassica): coles, mustards, cabbages, radishes, etc.

Derived terms

bắp cải (“cabbage”)
cải bắp (“cabbage”)
cải làn (“kailan”)
cải thìa (“bok choy”)
củ cải (“radish, daikon”)
củ cải trắng (“daikon”)

Etymology 2

Sino-Vietnamese word from 改.

Verb

cải

to change, to alter

Derived terms

cải biên (arrange)
cải lương (a form of folk musical theater from southern Vietnam)

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