cukurs

Latvian

Cukurs (1)
Cukura graudiņi

Etymology

Borrowed from German Zucker, first attested in Latvian in the 17th century as sukurs, apparently via Livonian sukker. The form cukurs, with the initial s “corrected” to c [ts], occurs only later, in the 19th century. The German word is itself a borrowing from Italian zucchero (via Medieval Latin zuccarum), also borrowed from Arabic سُكَّر (sukkar), from Persian شکر (šakar), from Sanskrit शर्करा (śárkarā, ground or candied sugar,” originally “grit, gravel).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [tsukuɾs]
  • (file)

Noun

cukurs m (1st declension)

  1. (only singular) sugar (white, crystalline powder used to sweeten drinks and foods)
    biešu cukursbeet sugar
    niedru cukurscane sugar
    smalkais cukursgranulated (lit. fine) sugar
    cukura graudiņisugar cubes
    cukura sīrupssugar syrup
    dzert tēju ar cukuruto drink tea with sugar
    mēs arvien dzērām tik saldu kafiju, ka cukurs vēl palika neizkusis krūzītes dibenāwe always drank coffee so sweet, the sugar remained undissolved at the bottom of the cup
  2. (singular or plural) sugar (organic substance of the carbohydrate group)
    dabiskie cukurinatural sugars
    vienkāršie cukuri (monosaharīdi)simple sugars (monosaccharides)
    piena cukurs (laktoze)milk sugar (lactose)
    augļu cukurs (fruktoze)fruit sugar (fructose)
    vīnogu cukurs (glikoze)grape sugar (glucose)
    cukuri labi šķīst ūdenī, un līdz ar to tie ātri izsūcas caur gremošanas orgānu sieniņām, ātri nokļūst asinīs un ātri var tikt izmantoti organismāsugars dissolve well in water; consequently, they are quickly absorbed through the walls of the digestive organs, quickly enter the blood(stream) and can quickly be used in the organism

Declension

Descendants

References

  1. Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), cukurs”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
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