cligner
French
Etymology
From Old French clignier, clingnier, itself probably from a Vulgar Latin *clūdiniare < *clūdināre, a derivative of clūdō, clūdere, variant of claudō (“close, shut”) (cf. French clore); it may have been phonetically influenced (transition of -ui- to -i-) in early French by descendants of clināre (cf. Old French cliner), or more likely guigner.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /kli.ɲe/
Conjugation
Conjugation of cligner (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| present participle | clignant /kli.ɲɑ̃/ | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| past participle | cligné /kli.ɲe/ | ||||||
| infinitive | |||||||
| simple | cligner | ||||||
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| gerund1 | |||||||
| simple | clignant /kli.ɲɑ̃/ | ||||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | cligne /kliɲ/ |
clignes /kliɲ/ |
cligne /kliɲ/ |
clignons /kli.ɲɔ̃/ |
clignez /kli.ɲe/ |
clignent /kliɲ/ |
| imperfect | clignais /kli.ɲɛ/ |
clignais /kli.ɲɛ/ |
clignait /kli.ɲɛ/ |
clignions /kli.ɲjɔ̃/ |
cligniez /kli.ɲje/ |
clignaient /kli.ɲɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | clignai /kli.ɲe/ |
clignas /kli.ɲa/ |
cligna /kli.ɲa/ |
clignâmes /kli.ɲam/ |
clignâtes /kli.ɲat/ |
clignèrent /kli.ɲɛʁ/ | |
| future | clignerai /kliɲ.ʁe/ |
cligneras /kliɲ.ʁa/ |
clignera /kliɲ.ʁa/ |
clignerons /kliɲ.ʁɔ̃/ |
clignerez /kliɲ.ʁe/ |
cligneront /kliɲ.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | clignerais /kliɲ.ʁɛ/ |
clignerais /kliɲ.ʁɛ/ |
clignerait /kliɲ.ʁɛ/ |
clignerions /kli.ɲə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
cligneriez /kli.ɲə.ʁje/ |
cligneraient /kliɲ.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | cligne /kliɲ/ |
clignes /kliɲ/ |
cligne /kliɲ/ |
clignions /kli.ɲjɔ̃/ |
cligniez /kli.ɲje/ |
clignent /kliɲ/ |
| imperfect2 | clignasse /kli.ɲas/ |
clignasses /kli.ɲas/ |
clignât /kli.ɲa/ |
clignassions /kli.ɲa.sjɔ̃/ |
clignassiez /kli.ɲa.sje/ |
clignassent /kli.ɲas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | cligne /kliɲ/ |
— | clignons /kli.ɲɔ̃/ |
clignez /kli.ɲe/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 Only usable with preposition en. | |||||||
| 2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
Related terms
Further reading
- “cligner” in le Trésor de la langue française informatisé (The Digitized Treasury of the French Language).
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