challenger

See also: Challenger

English

Etymology

From Middle English chalenger; equivalent to challenge +‎ -er.

Noun

challenger (plural challengers)

  1. One who challenges; especially, one who plays against the current champion of a game or contest in hopes of winning and becoming the new champion.
    The champion hopes to defeat his new challenger in the game to remain undefeated.
    One child stood as king of the hill, and tried to withstand the pushes and shoves of his challengers.

Synonyms

Translations

French

Verb

challenger

  1. to challenge

Conjugation

This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written challenge- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a “soft” /ʒ/ and not a “hard” /ɡ/). This spelling-change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.

Conjugation of challenger (see also Appendix:French verbs)
present participle challengeant
/ʃa.lɑ̃.ʒɑ̃/
past participle challengé
/ʃa.lɑ̃.ʒe/
infinitive
simple challenger
compound avoir + past participle
gerund1
simple challengeant
/ʃa.lɑ̃.ʒɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses)		 present challenge
/ʃa.lɑ̃ʒ/		 challenges
/ʃa.lɑ̃ʒ/		 challenge
/ʃa.lɑ̃ʒ/		 challengeons
/ʃa.lɑ̃.ʒɔ̃/		 challengez
/ʃa.lɑ̃.ʒe/		 challengent
/ʃa.lɑ̃ʒ/
imperfect challengeais
/ʃa.lɑ̃.ʒɛ/		 challengeais
/ʃa.lɑ̃.ʒɛ/		 challengeait
/ʃa.lɑ̃.ʒɛ/		 challengions
/ʃa.lɑ̃.ʒjɔ̃/		 challengiez
/ʃa.lɑ̃.ʒje/		 challengeaient
/ʃa.lɑ̃.ʒɛ/
past historic2 challengeai
/ʃa.lɑ̃.ʒe/		 challengeas
/ʃa.lɑ̃.ʒa/		 challengea
/ʃa.lɑ̃.ʒa/		 challengeâmes
/ʃa.lɑ̃.ʒam/		 challengeâtes
/ʃa.lɑ̃.ʒat/		 challengèrent
/ʃa.lɑ̃.ʒɛʁ/
future challengerai
/ʃa.lɑ̃ʒ.ʁe/		 challengeras
/ʃa.lɑ̃ʒ.ʁa/		 challengera
/ʃa.lɑ̃ʒ.ʁa/		 challengerons
/ʃa.lɑ̃ʒ.ʁɔ̃/		 challengerez
/ʃa.lɑ̃ʒ.ʁe/		 challengeront
/ʃa.lɑ̃ʒ.ʁɔ̃/
conditional challengerais
/ʃa.lɑ̃ʒ.ʁɛ/		 challengerais
/ʃa.lɑ̃ʒ.ʁɛ/		 challengerait
/ʃa.lɑ̃ʒ.ʁɛ/		 challengerions
/ʃa.lɑ̃.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/		 challengeriez
/ʃa.lɑ̃.ʒə.ʁje/		 challengeraient
/ʃa.lɑ̃ʒ.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses)		 present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses)		 present challenge
/ʃa.lɑ̃ʒ/		 challenges
/ʃa.lɑ̃ʒ/		 challenge
/ʃa.lɑ̃ʒ/		 challengions
/ʃa.lɑ̃.ʒjɔ̃/		 challengiez
/ʃa.lɑ̃.ʒje/		 challengent
/ʃa.lɑ̃ʒ/
imperfect2 challengeasse
/ʃa.lɑ̃.ʒas/		 challengeasses
/ʃa.lɑ̃.ʒas/		 challengeât
/ʃa.lɑ̃.ʒa/		 challengeassions
/ʃa.lɑ̃.ʒa.sjɔ̃/		 challengeassiez
/ʃa.lɑ̃.ʒa.sje/		 challengeassent
/ʃa.lɑ̃.ʒas/
(compound
tenses)		 past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — challenge
/ʃa.lɑ̃ʒ/		 — challengeons
/ʃa.lɑ̃.ʒɔ̃/		 challengez
/ʃa.lɑ̃.ʒe/		 —
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 Only usable with preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, the past historic, past anterior, imperfect subjunctive and pluperfect subjunctive tenses may be found to have been replaced with the indicative present perfect, indicative pluperfect, present subjunctive and past subjunctive tenses respectively (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Further reading
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