ard

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ard"

English

Etymology

20th-century, borrowed from Norwegian ard (“plough”).

Pronunciation

Noun

ard (plural ards)

  1. A simple plough consisting of a spike dragged through the soil.

Translations

Anagrams

Irish

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old Irish ard, from Proto-Celtic *ardwos (compare Welsh ardd) from Proto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰ- (compare Latin arduus).

Pronunciation

Adjective

ard (genitive singular masculine aird, genitive singular feminine airde, plural arda, comparative airde)

  1. high, tall
  2. loud
  3. ambitious

Declension
Declension of ard
Singular Plural (m/f)
Positive Masculine Feminine (strong noun) (weak noun)
Nominative ard ard arda
Vocative aird arda
Genitive arde arda ard
Dative ard ard;
aird (archaic)		 arda
Comparative níos arde
Superlative is arde

Derived terms
  • airde f (“height; elevation; altitude; level; volume, pitch”)
  • ard- (“high; arch-, chief; excellent, noble; advanced”)

Noun

ard m (genitive singular aird, nominative plural arda)

  1. height, hillock
  2. top, high part
  3. elevation (of land)
  4. head (of sand, clay)
  5. rise
  6. ascent

Declension
Declension of ard

First declension

Bare forms:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative ard aa
Vocative a aird a arda
Genitive aird ard
Dative ard aa

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an t-ard na haa
Genitive an aird na n-ard
Dative leis an ard

don ard

 leis na haa

Mutation
Irish mutation
RadicalEclipsiswith h-prothesiswith t-prothesis
ard n-ard hard t-ard
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

Kurdish

Etymology

Compare Persian آرد‎ (ârd).

Noun

ard ?

  1. flour

Manx

Etymology

From Old Irish ard, from Proto-Celtic *ardwos (compare Welsh ardd) from Proto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰwós, from *h₃erdʰ- (compare Latin arduus).

Pronunciation

IPA(key): /ø(r)d/

Adjective

ard (plural ardey, comparative yrjey)

  1. high
  2. tall

Noun

ard m (genitive singular ard, plural ardjyn)

  1. height, high place

Noun

ard m (genitive singular ard, plural ardjyn)

  1. compass point
  2. pole

Derived terms

References
  • “1 ard” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.

Old Irish

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ar͈d/

Etymology 1

From Proto-Celtic *ardwos (compare Welsh ardd) from Proto-Indo-European *h₃erdʰwós, from *h₃erdʰ- (compare Latin arduus).

Adjective

ard

  1. high
Inflection
o/ā-stem
Singular Masculine Feminine Neuter
Nominative ard ard ard
Vocative aird*
ard**
Accusative ard aird
Genitive aird airde aird
Dative ard aird ard
Plural Masculine Feminine/neuter
Nominative aird arda
Vocative ardu
arda†
Accusative ardu
arda†
Genitive ard
Dative ardaib
Notes *modifying a noun whose vocative is different from its nominative

**modifying a noun whose vocative is identical to its nominative
† not when substantivized

Noun

ard n or m

  1. height
Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Descendants

Etymology 2

Noun

ard f

  1. dog collar
Inflection

This noun needs an inflection-table template.

Mutation
Old Irish mutation
RadicalLenitionNasalization
ard unchanged n-ard
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References
  • “1 ard” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
  • “2 ard” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.

Romanian

Verb

ard

  1. first-person singular present indicative of arde
  2. first-person singular present subjunctive of arde
  3. third-person plural present indicative of arde
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