Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/žędati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gend-, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰedʰ-, with a nasal infix. Cognate with Lithuanian pasigèsti (“to miss”) (3sg. pasigeñda), gedáuti (“to desire, to yearn”) (1sg. gedáuju), gedė́ti (“to seek, to yearn”) (1sg. gedù, gedžiù). Also cognate with Ancient Greek θέσσασθαι (théssasthai, “to pray for”), ποθέω (pothéō, “to desire”), Avestan 𐬘𐬀𐬌𐬛𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬙‎ (jaidiiat, “he asked”), Old Irish guidim (“to ask”), probably English bid.

Verb

*žę̄dàti

to wish, to desire

Inflection

Conjugation of *žędati (?, -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)

Suffix: *-ati

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*žędanьje	*žędati	*žędatъ	*žędalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*žędanъ	*žęďemъ
Active	*žędavъ	*žęďę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*žędaxъ	*žęda	*žęda	*žęďǫ	*žęďeši	*žęďetь
Dual	*žędaxově	*žędasta	*žędaste	*žęďevě	*žęďeta	*žęďete
Plural	*žędaxomъ	*žędaste	*žędašę	*žęďemъ	*žęďete	*žęďǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*žędaaxъ	*žędaaše	*žędaaše	—	*žęďi	*žęďi
Dual	*žędaaxově	*žędaašeta	*žędaašete	*žęďivě	*žęďita	—
Plural	*žędaaxomъ	*žędaašete	*žędaaxǫ	*žęďimъ	*žęďite	—

Conjugation of *žędati (?, -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm b)

Suffix: *-ati

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*žędanьje	*žędati	*žędatъ	*žędalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*žędanъ	*žędajemъ
Active	*žędavъ	*žędaję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*žędaxъ	*žęda	*žęda	*žędajǫ	*žędaješi	*žędajetь
Dual	*žędaxově	*žędasta	*žędaste	*žędajevě	*žędajeta	*žędajete
Plural	*žędaxomъ	*žędaste	*žędašę	*žędajemъ	*žędajete	*žędajǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*žędaaxъ	*žędaaše	*žędaaše	—	*žędaji	*žędaji
Dual	*žędaaxově	*žędaašeta	*žędaašete	*žędajivě	*žędajita	—
Plural	*žędaaxomъ	*žędaašete	*žędaaxǫ	*žędajimъ	*žędajite	—

Derived terms

*žęďa (“wish, desire”)
*žędьnъ (“avid, greedy”)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: жадати (žadati), 1sg. жажꙋ (žažu), жадаю (žadaju)
  - Belarusian: жада́ць (žadácʹ), 1sg. жада́ю (žadáju)
  - Russian: жада́ть (žadátʹ, “to thirst for”) (archaic or dialectal), 1sg. жада́ю (žadáju); cf. modern жа́ждать (žáždatʹ, “to crave”)
  - Ukrainian: жада́ти (žadáty), 1sg. жада́ю (žadáju)

South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Cyrillic: жѧдати (žędati), жѧдѣти (žęděti, “to wish, to desire”), 1sg. жѧждѫ (žęždǫ), жѧдаѭ (žędajǫ)
  
  Glagolitic: [Term?]

West Slavic:
- Czech: žádat (“to ask, to demand”)
- Polish: żądać (“to demand”)
- Slovak: žiadať (“to ask, to demand”)
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: žadać (“to wish, to desire, to demand”)
  - Lower Sorbian: žedaś (“to demand”)

References

Černyx, P. Ja. (1999), “жа́дный”, in Istoriko-etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1, 3rd reprint edition, Moscow: Russkij jazyk, page 290
Černyx, P. Ja. (1999), “жа́жда”, in Istoriko-etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1, 3rd reprint edition, Moscow: Russkij jazyk, page 290
Derksen, Rick (2008), “*žę̄dàti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 560
Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “жада́ть”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress

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