< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/živica
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *gʷh₃i-u- (“to live”).
Indo-European cognates include Old Irish bí (“pitch”), Old Armenian կիւ (kiw, “tree pitch, mastic, chewing gum”).
Noun
*živìca f
- galipot
Declension
Declension of *živìca (soft a-stem)
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
---|---|---|---|
Nominative | *živìca | *živici | *živicę̇ |
Accusative | *živicǫ | *živici | *živicę̇ |
Genitive | *živicę̇ | *živicu | *živicь |
Locative | *živici | *živicu | *živicasъ, *živicaxъ* |
Dative | *živici | *živicama | *živicamъ |
Instrumental | *živicejǫ, *živicǫ** | *živicama | *živicami |
Vocative | *živìce | *živici | *živicę̇ |
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
Related terms
Descendants
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 563
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “живица”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
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