Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/časъ

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *keʔs-, probably from Proto-Indo-European *k(ʷ)eh₁s-. Cognate with Old Prussian kīsman (“time”) and possibly Albanian kohë (“time”). Akin to *čajati (“to wait, expect”) and *čakati, with a semantic development similar to the one found between *godъ and *žьdati (“to wait”).

The other possibility is from the lengthened grade of Proto-Indo-European *kes- (“to go”), wit a semantic development similar to the one found in Latin annus (“year”) (< earlier *atnos < PIE *h₂et- (“to go”); compare Sanskrit अटति (átati, “to go”)).

Noun

*čàsъ m [1][2]

time

Declension

Declension of *čàsъ (hard o-stem, accent paradigm a)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*čàsъ	*čàsa	*čàsi
Accusative	*čàsъ	*čàsa	*čàsy
Genitive	*čàsa	*čàsu	*čàsъ
Locative	*čàsě	*čàsu	*čàsě̄xъ
Dative	*čàsu	*čàsoma	*čàsomъ
Instrumental	čàsъmь, čàsomь^*	*čàsoma	*čàsȳ
Vocative	*čàse	*čàsa	*čàsi

^* -ъmь in North Slavic, -omь in South Slavic.

Related terms

*čajati (“to wait, expect”) (possibly)
*čakati (possibly)

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: часъ (časŭ)
  - Belarusian: час (čas)
  - Russian: час (čas)
  - Rusyn: час (čas)
  - Ukrainian: час (čas)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Glagolitic: ⱍⰰⱄⱏ (časŭ)
  
  Old Cyrillic: часъ (časŭ)
- Bulgarian: час (čas)
- Macedonian: час (čas)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: час
  
  Latin: čas
  - → Albanian: çast
- Slovene: čas
West Slavic:
- Czech: čas
- Old Polish: czas
  - Polish: czas
- Pomeranian:
  - Kashubian: czas
  - Slovincian: čȧ̃s
- Slovak: čas
- Sorbian:
  - Lower Sorbian: cas
  - Upper Sorbian: čas
→ Romanian: ceas

References

Derksen, Rick (2008), “*čàsъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 79: “m. o (a) ‘time’”
Olander, Thomas (2001), “časъ”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (PR 134); d (OSA 140f.); a/d (RPT 99, 101f.) time”

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[1] Derksen, Rick (2008), “*čàsъ”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 79: “m. o (a) ‘time’”

[2] Olander, Thomas (2001), “časъ”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a (PR 134); d (OSA 140f.); a/d (RPT 99, 101f.) time”