Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/vojь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *woyh₁-o-s, from *weyh₁- (“to chase”).

Noun

*vojь m

soldier

Declension

Declension of *vojь (soft o-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*vojь	*voja	*voji
Accusative	*vojь	*voja	*voję̇
Genitive	*voja	*voju	*vojь
Locative	*voji	*voju	*vojixъ
Dative	*voju	*vojema	*vojemъ
Instrumental	vojьmь, vojemь^*	*vojema	*voji
Vocative	*voju	*voja	*voji

^* -ьmь in North Slavic, -emь in South Slavic.

Derived terms

*vojevoda (“military leader”)
*vojinъ (“soldier”)
*vojьnъ (“martial”)
- *vojьna (“war”)
*vojьskъ (“military”)
- *vojьska (“troops”)

Related terms

*povinǫti

Descendants

East Slavic: вои pl (voi)
South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic:
  Cyrillic: вои (voi)
West Slavic:
- Polish: (archaic) wój, woj

References

Derksen, Rick (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 524
Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “воин”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
Černyx, P. Ja. (1999), “воин”, in Istoriko-etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 1, 3rd reprint edition, Moscow: Russkij jazyk, page 161

Etymology 2

Formed as o-grade action noun from *viti +‎ *-ъ, ultimately from *weh₁y- (“to twist”). The final -ъ was softened by the preceding *-j-.