< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/trьvoga

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Of unclear origin; perhaps from *trьvati (“to endure, to evade”) +‎ *-oga[1]. The etymon has also been compared to Russian отва́га (otvága, “bravery”)[2], which is of Germanic origin.

Noun

*trьvoga f

  1. alarm
  2. alert

Inflection
Declension of *trьvoga (hard a-stem, accent paradigm a)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *trьvoga *trьvodzě *trьvogy
Accusative *trьvogǫ *trьvodzě *trьvogy
Genitive *trьvogy *trьvogu *trьvogъ
Locative *trьvodzě *trьvogu *trьvogasъ, *trьvogaxъ*
Dative *trьvodzě *trьvogama *trьvogamъ
Instrumental *trьvogojǫ, *trьvogǭ** *trьvogama *trьvogamī
Vocative *trьvogo *trьvodzě *trьvogy
* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms
  • *trьvožiti (“to worry”)
  • *trьvožьnъ (“worrisome”)

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Belarusian: трывога (tryvóha)
    • Russian: тревога (trevoga)
    • Ukrainian: тривога (tryvoha)

References
  1. Nilsson, Torbjörn K. “An Old Polish Sound Law and the Etymology of Polish Trwoga and Trwać and Russian Trevóga.” Historische Sprachforschung / Historical Linguistics, vol. 112, no. 1, 1999, pp. 143–159
  2. Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “тревога”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
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