< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/pečalь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Abstract deverbial noun reflecting Pre-Slavic *pekělь, formed as *pekti (“to bake”) +‎ *-ělь. Underwent the same semantic shift burning → pain, burden → sadness, grief as Proto-Slavic *goře.

Noun

*pečalь f

  1. burden
    → (by abstraction) sadness, emotional pain
    Synonyms: *tǫga, *mǫka, *grustь
  2. (by specialization) sorrow, grief, mourning
    Synonyms: *gořestь, *skъrbь
  3. (regional) hard work
    → (by metonymy) profit, reward

Inflection
Declension of *pečalь (i-stem)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative *pečalь *pečali *pečali
Accusative *pečalь *pečali *pečali
Genitive *pečali *pečalьju, *pečaľu* *pečalьjь, *pečali*
Locative *pečali *pečalьju, *pečaľu* *pečalьxъ
Dative *pečali *pečalьma *pečalьmъ
Instrumental *pečalьjǫ, *pečaľǫ* *pečalьma *pečalьmi
Vocative *pečali *pečali *pečali
* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).
  • *pečenь (“baking, dish cooked in oven”)
  • *peťь (“oven”)
  • *pečьka (“cooker”)
  • *pьklo (“scorching heat”)
  • *pečivo (“cake, cookie, bread”)
  • *peka (“roast, barbecue”)
  • *pečatь (“seal, imprint”)
  • *potъ (“sweat”)

Derived terms
  • *opečalěnъ (“mourned, grieved”)
  • *pečalьnъ (“sorrowful, traumatic, tragic”)
  • *pečalьba (“gain, profit”)
  • *pečaliti (“to profit, to gain a reward”)

Descendants

Further reading
  • Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “печаль”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
  • Duridanov I., Račeva M., Todorov T., editors (1996), “печа̀л (sorrow)”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 211
  • Duridanov I., Račeva M., Todorov T., editors (1996), “пѐчал (profit, gain)”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volume 5, Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, page 211
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