Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lyžьka

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From an earlier *lъga (“bending”) +‎ *-ъka, reanalyzed to have a soft -ž- under the influence of *lъžica. For comparison, consider *vidlъka (“fork”) and *vidlica (“id”).

Noun

*lyžьka f

spoon

Inflection

Declension of *lyžьka (hard a-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*lyžьka	*lyžьcě	*lyžьky
Accusative	*lyžьkǫ	*lyžьcě	*lyžьky
Genitive	*lyžьky	*lyžьku	*lyžьkъ
Locative	*lyžьcě	*lyžьku	lyžьkasъ, lyžьkaxъ^*
Dative	*lyžьcě	*lyžьkama	*lyžьkamъ
Instrumental	lyžьkojǫ, lyžьkǫ^**	*lyžьkama	*lyžьkami
Vocative	*lyžьko	*lyžьcě	*lyžьky

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

Old East Slavic: лъжька (lŭžĭka)
- Belarusian: лы́жка (lýžka)
- Russian: ло́жка (lóžka); ло́жечка (teaspoon)
- Ukrainian: ло́жка (lóžka)
South Slavic:
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: лижка
  
  Latin: ližka
West Slavic:
- Polish: łyżka, łyżeczka (teaspoon)
- Silesian: łyżka
- Slovak: lyžička (teaspoon)

References

Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1990), “*lyžьka”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 17, Moscow: Nauka, page 62
Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “ложка”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress

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