< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gręznǫti
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
From *gręzti + *-nǫti.
Inflection
Conjugation of *gręznǫti (impf., intr., -C/n-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm c)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *gręzenьje | *gręznǫti | *gręznǫtъ | *gręzlъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | — | — |
| Active | *gręzъ | *gręzny |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *gręz(ox)ъ | *gręze | *gręze | *gręznǫ | *gręzneši | *gręznetь |
| Dual | *gręz(ox)ově | *gręz(e/os)ta | *gręz(e/os)te | *gręznevě | *gręzneta | *gręznete |
| Plural | *gręz(ox)omъ | *gręz(e/os)te | *gręzǫ, *gręzošę | *gręznemъ | *gręznete | *gręznǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *gręzněaxъ | *gręzněaše | *gręzněaše | — | *gręzni | *gręzni |
| Dual | *gręzněaxově | *gręzněašeta | *gręzněašete | *gręzněvě | *gręzněta | — |
| Plural | *gręzněaxomъ | *gręzněašete | *gręzněaxǫ | *gręzněmъ | *gręzněte | — |
Conjugation of *gręznǫti (impf., intr., -C/n-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm b)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *gręzenьje | *gręznǫti | *gręznǫtъ | *gręzlъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | — | — |
| Active | *gręzъ | *gręzny |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *gręz(ox)ъ | *gręze | *gręze | *gręznǫ | *gręzneši | *gręznetь |
| Dual | *gręz(ox)ově | *gręz(e/os)ta | *gręz(e/os)te | *gręznevě | *gręzneta | *gręznete |
| Plural | *gręz(ox)omъ | *gręz(e/os)te | *gręzǫ, *gręzošę | *gręznemъ | *gręznete | *gręznǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *gręzněaxъ | *gręzněaše | *gręzněaše | — | *gręzni | *gręzni |
| Dual | *gręzněaxově | *gręzněašeta | *gręzněašete | *gręzněvě | *gręzněta | — |
| Plural | *gręzněaxomъ | *gręzněašete | *gręzněaxǫ | *gręzněmъ | *gręzněte | — |
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: грѧзнꙋти (gręznuti) (10th century)
- Belarusian: гра́знуць (hráznucʹ)
- Russian: гря́знуть (grjáznutʹ)
- Ukrainian: гря́знути (hrjáznuty)
- Old East Slavic: грѧзнꙋти (gręznuti) (10th century)
- South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: погрѧзнѫти (pogręznǫti)
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: гре̏знути
- Latin: grȅznuti
- Slovene: grẹ́zniti (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
- Old Czech: hřáznuti
- Czech: hřeznout
- Polish: grzęznąć
- Slovak: hriaznuť
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: hrěznyć
- Lower Sorbian: grěznuś (“to get stuck”)
- Old Czech: hřáznuti
Further reading
- Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1980), “*gręznǫti”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 07, Moscow: Nauka, page 125
- Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “гря́знуть”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
References
- Derksen, Rick (2008), “*grę̑znǫti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 188: “v. (c) ‘sink’”
- Olander, Thomas (2001), “gręznǫti: gręznǫ gręznetь”, in Common Slavic accentological word list, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b (SA 211, 259; PR 137)”
- Snoj, Marko (2016), “grẹ́zniti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar, Ljubljana: Inštitut za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, →ISBN: “*gręznǫ̋ti”
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